DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200028 perineural invasion on patients’ quality of life, which led to my decision to deepen my understanding of the crosstalk between cancer and the nervous system. At that time, I was not yet aware of the complexity of these interactions, so I was fortunate that my advisor, Dr. Gil, was interested in the dialogue among cancer cells, the immune system, and the nervous system. This led me to learn how to study complex systems using in vivo and in vitro models to recapitulate the neural niche of the tumor microenvironment and the multiple cell types involved in these interactions.
Infertility affects 10-15% of couples, with half attributed to male factors. An improved understanding of the cell-type-specific dysfunction contributing to male infertility is needed to improve available therapies; however, human testicular tissues are difficult to obtain for research purposes. To overcome this, researchers have begun to use human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate various testis-specific cell types in vitro. Peritubular myoid cells (PTMs) are one such testicular cell type that serves a critical role in the human testis niche but, to date, have not been derived from hiPSCs. This study set forth to generate a molecular-based differentiation method for deriving PTMs from hiPSCs, mirroring in vivo patterning factors. Whole transcriptome profiling and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) show that this differentiation method is sufficient to derive cells with PTM-like transcriptomes, including upregulation of hallmark PTM functional genes, secreted growth and matrix factors, smooth muscle, integrins, receptors, and antioxidants. Hierarchical clustering shows that they acquire transcriptomes similar to primary isolated PTMs, and immunostaining shows the acquisition of a smooth muscle phenotype. Overall, these hiPSC-PTMs will allow in vitro study of patient-specific PTM development and function in spermatogenesis and infertility.
