In the last decade, child-to-parent violence (CPV), exercised by adolescents towards their parents, has raised a growing academic and social interest. At the same time, the problematic use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has emerged as a significant concern for families, especially because of its impact on family dynamics and young people's well-being. With the aim of delving deeper into this issue, this qualitative study explored the perceptions of 72 family members of adolescents (14 -19 years old) with judicial measures for CPV. The interviews revealed a generalized pattern of excessive use with addictive behaviors and frequent exposure to harmful content. These factors negatively affect the well-being of young people and aggravate family tensions. Thus, the study highlights the relationship between problematic ICT use and CPV, underlining the need for specific interventions to address both issues in the current family and social context.
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the psychometric properties of three Spanish versions (24, 16, and 8 items) of the Propensity to Moral Disengagement Scale in Spanish adults. The sample comprised 342 individuals (M (age) = 32.8, SD (age) = 15.8) selected under non-probability sampling. Analyses were conducted to test the internal consistency and confirm the structure of the three versions of the scale. Subsequently, the version with the best fit indicators was selected and its gender invariance was examined as well as its convergent and divergent validity by means of descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses. The results confirmed a unifactorial structure in the three versions. The 8-item version presented the best fit in the confirmatory factor analysis and reached the three levels of invariance (configural, metric, and scalar) between genders. Furthermore, this version was significantly related to different constructs. Directly and significantly, the propensity to moral disengagement was associated with dark personality and self-reported antisocial behavior; inversely and significantly, it was linked to the dimensions of perspective-taking, empathic concern, and internal moral identity. In conclusion, the Spanish version of the 8-item PMDS-S is a valid and reliable instrument for the Spanish adult population, although its results must be replicated to reinforce its generalisation, including the control of social desirability, especially in contexts such as the legal-forensic field.
This study explores the family environment of individuals deprived of liberty in Argentina through an imbalanced machine learning approach. Based on a national representative dataset of 17,139 individuals from various urban regions, machine learning techniques, including mutual information, balanced random forest, and SHAP analysis, were employed to identify structural socioeconomic conditions associated with having incarcerated family members. The main factors identified include lower socio-economic status, overcrowded living conditions, lack of homeownership, and limited education. The Balanced Random Forest model achieved an F1 score of .6357 and a PR AUC of .7063, demonstrating its effectiveness in handling the imbalanced dataset. SHAP analysis provided interpretability to the results by illustrating how the previous factors are related to having an incarcerated family member. This study reveals the need for targeted policy interventions that address structural inequalities and promote social mobility. The findings underscore the importance of shifting from punitive approaches to preventive strategies that focus on improving education, housing conditions, and economic opportunities for vulnerable populations. Este estudio explora el entorno familiar de sujetos privados de libertad en Argentina mediante un enfoque de aprendizaje autom & aacute;tico desbalanceado. Utilizando un conjunto de datos representativo a nivel nacional de 17,139 individuos provenientes de diversas regiones urbanas, se aplicaron t & eacute;cnicas de aprendizaje autom & aacute;tico, como informaci & oacute;n mutua, bosques aleatorios balanceados y an & aacute;lisis SHAP con el objetivo de conocer las condiciones estructurales de & iacute;ndole socioecon & oacute;mica vinculadas con tener familiares privados de libertad. Los principales factores encontrados fueron tener un estatus socioecon & oacute;mico bajo, vivienda compartida por muchas personas, falta de propiedad de la vivienda y educaci & oacute;n limitada. El modelo de bosques aleatorios balanceados tuvo unas m & eacute;tricas F1 de .6357 y un & aacute;rea bajo la curva de precisi & oacute;n (PR AUC) de .7063, demostrando su efectividad al tratar con una base de datos desbalanceada. El an & aacute;lisis SHAP permiti & oacute; interpretar los resultados al describir c & oacute;mo las anteriores variables se relacionan con tener un familiar encarcelado. Este estudio revela la necesidad de intervenciones p & uacute;blicas dirigidas que aborden las desigualdades estructurales y promuevan la movilidad social. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de pasar de enfoques punitivos a estrategias preventivas que se centren en mejorar la educaci & oacute;n, las condiciones habitacionales y las oportunidades econ & oacute;micas para las poblaciones vulnerables.
The current study aimed to know the role of attitudes towards the Gaza War and perceptions of its risk in predicting manifestations of PTSD among Egyptian society. The sample consisted of 42 individuals (26 males, 16 females), aged between 20-57 years (M = 28.74, SD = 8.13). Participants completed the Attitudes toward Gaza War Scale (AGWS), the Risk Perception of the War Scale (RPWS) and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (PTSDS). Results showed attitudes toward the Gaza war predict manifestations of PTSD, except for the cognitive component of attitudes. Perceptions of the risk of the Gaza war predict manifestations of PTSD, except for the component of responsibility prevalence. The study concluded that there is no interaction between attitudes toward the Gaza war and perceptions of its risk in predicting manifestations of PTSD. Este estudio se ha propuesto conocer el papel de las actitudes hacia la guerra de Gaza y la percepci & oacute;n del riesgo en la predicci & oacute;n de la aparici & oacute;n de trastorno de estr & eacute;s postraum & aacute;tica (TEP) en la sociedad egipcia. Compon & iacute;an la muestra 42 personas (26 varones y 16 mujeres) de edades entre 20 y 57 a & ntilde;os (M = 28.74, DT = 8.13). Los participantes cumplimentaron la Escala de Percepci & oacute;n del Riesgo de Guerra y la Escala del Trastorno de Estr & eacute;s Postraum & aacute;tico. Los resultados muestran que las actitudes hacia la guerra de Gaza predicen las manifestaciones del TEP menos el componente cognitivo de las actitudes y la percepci & oacute;n del riesgo de la guerra de Gaza predice las manifestaciones del TEP.
Parenting coordination is a specialized court-ordered family intervention aimed at reducing high conflict between parents after separation, with the goal of protecting the children and facilitating compliance with judicial measures or parenting plans. This study analyzes its application in Spanish court decisions between 2018 and 2024. A total of 326 judicial decisions were selected from the case law database of the General Council of the Judiciary (CENDOJ). The analysis followed the model of the previous study by Farina et al. (2017) and the guidelines of the AFCC (Association of Family and Conciliation Courts). Inmost cases, the coordinator was appointed by the court. The most common objectives were to reduce conflict, improve coparenting, implement parenting plans, and restore parent-child relationships. The main functions included conflict management, supervision of compliance with measures, and psychoeducational support. The conclusion is that parenting coordination is being implemented in Spain in accordance with international guidelines.
