The nanocomposite was created and prepared in a process aimed at creating highly efficient nanosensors and adopting the necessary tests for that. The plasma technique was used to prepare the (Zn) and (Fe) nano-metals. These nano-metals were identified by FAAS technique to find out their concentrations. It was also diagnosed using FTIR, UV-Vs, FESEM, and XRD techniques. In addition to the preparation of graphene oxide by Hummer method to make a nanocomposite of oxide and nanometals with a mixing ratio of 10:1:1. Gaseous sensitivity tests were carried out on the (GO/Zn+Fe) nanocomposite towards H2S gas, and it gave good sensitivity to the gas. The process of mixing two metals with graphene oxide to create this composite has proven to be more successful than using iron alone.
This study focused on improving the optical properties of the Congo Red pigment using different nanoparticles (SiO2, MgO, and TiO2) at different weight concentrations (0.002, 0.004, and 0.006 g). The results showed that the addition of nanoparticles led to a significant improvement in absorbance (A), refractive index (n), and dielectric constant, while the transmittance (T) decreased. Regarding absorbance at the highest concentration (0.006 g): the pure dye recorded an absorbance of 0.204, while it increased to 0.325 with the addition of SiO₂, to 0.361 with MgO, and reached its maximum value of 0.626 with TiO₂. Conversely, the transmittance (T) decreased at the same concentration: from 0.623 for the pure dye, to 0.473 with SiO₂, 0.435 with MgO, and recorded its lowest value of 0.236 with TiO₂, indicating the high light-blocking efficiency of titanium dioxide. Fluorescence results also showed that the quantum efficiency (QE) decreased with Increasing the concentration for all samples, the highest quantitative efficiency was recorded at the lowest concentration (0.002 g) and the values were as follows: 0.0459 with SiO2, 0.04 with MgO, and the highest 0.0475 with TiO2.
Now I've completed my pre-research study; I want to analyze the effects caused by copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles created using laser ablation and precipitation methods. This includes an overview of how much the CuO nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and a few other bacteria, as well as how the CuO nanoparticles' inhibitory activity compares using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyse structural properties of the nanoparticles compared to traditional bactericidal substances, and to what extent UV-Vis spectroscopy can be utilised to determine bactericidal activity (bactericidal effectiveness) and/or to help determine potential non-toxic concentrations of CuO nanoparticles towards host-type mammalian cells. The CuO nanoparticles produced by using different synthesising methods produced different uniformities of the CuO nanoparticles, which led to inconsistencies between CuO nanoparticle synthesis and the formation of individual CuO nanoparticles. However, overall the CuO nanoparticles had high anti-bacterial properties (low bactericidal concentration) and low toxicity towards mammalian host cells (mammalian cell toxicity).
Serum proteins such as albumin undergo structural and biochemical alterations associated with chronic hyperglycemia, particularly in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Understanding the interactions between serum albumin and inorganic nanomaterials provides a useful foundation for investigating nanoparticle–protein interactions in biomedical research. In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO), nickel oxide (NiO), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical precipitation and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The adsorption behavior of serum albumin toward these metal oxide nanoparticles was evaluated under selected nanoparticle concentrations and incubation conditions using a modified Bromocresol Green (BCG) assay. The quantitative results demonstrated that nanoparticle composition and physical form influenced the observed albumin adsorption behavior. For dry powder interfaces, the magnitude of adsorption followed the order ZnO > NiO > TiO₂, whereas for dispersed aqueous suspensions at 1.0 mg/mL, the order was NiO > TiO₂ > ZnO. In human serum samples, ZnO nanoparticles showed a statistically significant difference in albumin adsorption between diabetic and healthy groups (p = 0.03), whereas NiO suspensions exhibited high but not significantly different adsorption between the two groups (p = 0.18). These findings indicate differences in albumin–nanoparticle interactions between diabetic and healthy serum samples and provide preliminary experimental evidence for further investigation of metal oxide nanoparticles in biomedical and future nanodiagnostic research.
This study investigates a new series of cycloparaphenylene based dyes for photovoltaic applications. The parent CPP-1 molecule was modified by introducing phenyl ethylene units (CPP-2 to CPP-4) and an indacene fragment (CPP-5) to tune its electronic and optical properties The electronic structures and photophysical behavior were examined using DFT and TDDFT at the B3LYP level. Calculations employed SDD for all systems. Key parameters, including geometries, frontier orbital energies, energy gaps, uv visible spectra, density of states and photovoltaic properties, were analyzed. Results indicate that excitation facilitates transport of electrons to the conduction band from the dyes, suggesting efficient charge injection. The modified dyes show improved electronic coupling and enhanced photoelectric performance compared to CPP-1. These results demonstrate the possibility of cycloparaphenylene functionalization as a method for creating effective organic dyes for solar cells that are dye-sensitized.
