Abstract Background: Tamragarbha Pottali (TGP) is a distinct dosage form of Tamra Bhasma first documented in Rasayogsagar. However, a critical review of classical literature and contemporary research reveals limited information regarding its detailed pharmaceutical processing and advanced instrumental analytical characterization. Materials and methods: Gold, copper, sulfur, mercury, and other raw materials were obtained and verified. Using traditional guidelines, nine batches of TGP were prepared. Both physicochemical and sophisticated instruments were used to characterize the TGP. Results: At an average heat period of 9 h with a gradually increasing temperature pattern (120°C–200°C), a weight gain of 4.75% (0.91 gm) was recorded in a batch size of 144 g of Pottali (9 batches). Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and carbon-hydrogen-nitrogen-sulfur-oxygen study revealed the presence of copper and sulfur at higher concentration, followed by the presence of mercury and gold. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization showed that TGP contains organometallic compounds. The field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy characterization reveals that TGP contains nanoparticles. The XRD analysis revealed the presence of covellite (CuS), chalcocite (Cu 2 S), antlerite (Cu 2 + 3 [SO 4 ][OH] 4 ), and sulfur (α-S 8 ) along with their crystallite size, dislocation density, and lattice strain parameter. The stoichiometry of the TGP has been verified by employing energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays. The TGA exhibited 57.6% weight loss in the TGP. Laser Raman spectroscopy shows the presence of CuO or Cu 2 O along with bands of α-HgS, and the electronic spin resonance spectrum confirms copper Cu² + state stable copper sulfur/oxygen complexes in the TGP. Conclusion: TGP prepared through controlled heating at 0.079°C/min over 9 h demonstrated consistent batch uniformity with a mean weight gain of 4.75%. The final product is a nanoscale, crystalline material predominantly composed of copper sulfide with trace phases of mercury, gold, and copper oxides.
Abstract Background: Shayyamutra (enuresis) is one of the common urological and disabling problems of developmental age. Involuntary voiding of urine at least twice per week for at least 3 consecutive months, without any congenital defects, is the hallmark of enuresis. Desmopression, imipramine, and anticholinergic drugs are the available pharmacotherapies for enuresis, but have a high relapse rate after their discontinuation. Medhya Rasayana , a polyherbal formulation mentioned in Ayurveda, helps to improve cognition and neuromuscular control, and Yoga Asana are known to improve the stability of biological systems. Aim: This study was planned to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Medhya Rasayana with and without Yoga Asana in the management of Shayyamutra in children. Materials and methods: A total of 41 patients, of either sex, aged 6 to 14 years, were randomly divided into two groups. In group A (MRY) , Medhya Rasayana powder, along with Yoga Asana , i.e., Utkatasana, Ardha-Shalabhasana, Bhujangasana, Shavasana , and for group B (MR), Medhya Rasayana was given for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week follow-up period. Out of 41 patients, a total of 38 patients, i.e., 19 patients from group A and 19 patients from group B, completed the treatment protocol. Bedwetting frequency and associated psychological symptoms, i.e., impaired memory, irritability, lack of concentration, hyperactivity, and fear, were assessed before and after the treatment. Statistical analysis was done by applying the Wilcoxon signed-rank test within the groups and the Mann-Whitney U test between the groups. Result: Medhya Rasayana with Yoga Asana (MRY) had shown statistically significant improvement in bedwetting frequency, impaired memory, irritability, lack of concentration, hyperactivity, and fear, while Medhya Rasayana (MR) showed statistically significant improvement in all except hyperactivity and fear. On comparison of both groups, a significant difference was observed in bedwetting frequency ( P < 0.001) and improvement of impaired memory ( P = 0.034) and hyperactivity ( P = 0.025). Conclusion: A given set of Yoga Asana , when combined with Medhya Rasayana , yields better results in reducing the frequency of bedwetting in children with enuresis compared with Medhya Rasayana administered alone.
Abstract Background: Oral cancer is the 16 th most common cancer in the world. Regardless of various treatment modalities, it still accounts for 2% of all malignancies. Currently, the interest in traditional medicine for cancer treatment is increasing steadily due to its fewer side effects. Patta Ajwain ( Plectranthus amboinicus [Lour.] Spreng) is one such herb that is known for its medicinal properties. Aims: To evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer properties of the ethanolic extract of Patta Ajwain on human oral cancer cell lines. Materials and methods: Ethanolic extraction of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng leaves were performed, followed by preliminary phytochemical screening using standard qualitative methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Anticancer property was analysed through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis was observed through transmembrane potential assay, 4′,6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and flow cytometry. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids). The extract exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity, which increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the ethanolic extract demonstrated significant anticancer activity against oral cancer cell lines, with cytotoxic effects, IC 50 value of 71 ± 5.02 μg/ml, and morphological changes seen through mitochondrial transmembrane potential, DAPI staining, and induced flow cytometry. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the ethanolic extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng shows antioxidant and anticancer activity, especially at higher concentrations. These effects are likely due to the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites.
Abstract Shwitra (vitiligo), an autoimmune condition, has a prevalence of 0.1%–2% worldwide. The prevalence in the pediatric population is between 0.1% and 4% worldwide, found to be higher in Indian children and most frequent in girls. It is characterized by hypopigmented or white macules and patches over the skin due to decreased melanin pigment or destruction of melanocytes. Herein, a case report of a 9-year-old girl with Shwitra (vitiligo) was assessed on subjective and dermatology life quality parameters. Emotional stress due to teasing, bullying, and losing friends was a part of the tender childhood during the disease condition. She was treated with herbomineral Ayurvedic interventions and achieved remission on subjective as well as emotional stressors within 6 months of treatment, with a great impact on the daily life, feelings, and school performance of the child. The treatment was found to be safe on liver and kidney function parameters. The current study provides evidence that Ayurvedic interventions are advantageous in autoimmune conditions such as Shwitra (vitiligo) and their impact on emotional stress in pediatric subjects.
Ayurveda, since the Vedic era, has evolved through a continuum of textual traditions, from the comprehensive Samhitas (classical treatises) to concise compendia and specialized works. Among these, Vaidyaratna by Sri Goswami Shivananda Bhatta (16 th –17 th century CE) stands out as a refined synthesis of classical knowledge and clinical experience. Despite its scholarly depth, Vaidyaratna remains an underexplored text in Ayurvedic literature. The study aimed to introduce Vaidyaratna and highlight its unique literary structure, conceptual insights, and practical contributions within the Ayurvedic textual tradition. The primary source for the study was Vaidyaratna with Hindi commentary by Pandit Jwala Prasadji, published by Khemaraj Shri Krishnadas, Mumbai. A comparative analysis was undertaken with Charaka Samhita , Sushruta Samhita , Sharngadhara Samhita , Bhavaprakasha Nighantu , and Yogaratnakara , focusing on structure, metrical composition, language, and therapeutic innovations. Vaidyaratna comprises seven Prakashas (chapters) and 917 verses, covering the eight branches of Ayurveda. The last two chapters serve as a Nighantu (lexicon) and pharmaceutic section. The text exhibits simplicity of language, poetic elegance across twelve Chandas (meters), and creative Upamanas (similes). It elaborates on diagnostic methods like Nadi (pulse), Jihva (tongue), and Druk (eyes); diseases like Gajacharma (ichthyosis vulgaris) and Sheetalika (skin eruptions like vesicles); single-drug therapies; Abhava Pratinidhi Dravya (substitutes); Daivavyapashraya (spiritual therapies) and Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa (rational therapies); and herbomineral formulations. Vaidyaratna bridges classical Samhitas and later concise compendia, integrating concepts and practices with literary finesse. Its holistic approach encompassing diagnosis, dietetics, astrology, and spirituality reflect the adaptability of Ayurveda and its enduring relevance to contemporary healthcare.
