Context: Calcaneus is the largest and longest tarsal bone in the foot. It forms talocalcaneal and calcaneocuboid joint which helps in inversion and eversion movements of foot. Calcaneus has on its upper surface an articular facet for talus and anterior end presents an articular facet for cuboid bone. Modification on cuboidal articular facet of calcaneus is evolutionary and is an important aspect of human bipedal gait. Therefore, this study is important to understand variations in facets, diagnostic, treatment and surgical procedure. Objective: The aim of the study was to find out the morphological variations in shapes of cuboidal articular facets of calcaneus in both male & female. Materials and Methods: The present study was an observational study conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2018 to December 2018. The study material consists of two hundred (200) calcanei of unknown sex. The study samples were divided into male and female groups using ‘discrimination function analysis technique’ and the variations in shapes of cuboidal articular facets on dry adult human left calcanei were identified by simple observational method. Results: Among different variations of cuboidal articular facet of left calcanei, Type 1 was found in 54% & 53% cases, Type 2 was found in 12% & 20% cases, Type 3 was found in 25% & 22% cases and Type 4 was found in 9% & 5% cases in male & female respectively. Conclusion: Findings of the present study revealed that Type 1 was the commonest and Type 4 was the rarest variations of cuboidal articular facet of left calcaneus. Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2023, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 8-12
Objective: This study was aimed to compare the performance in OSPE of anatomy postgraduate students/ residents who were taught using plastinated gross anatomical specimens and those who were taught using embalmed specimens. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from March 2021 to February 2022. Data were collected from 38 postgraduate anatomy students/residents in Bangladesh, who were divided into two groups: anatomy postgraduates using plastinated specimens (PS-PS group) and anatomy postgraduates using embalmed specimens (PS-ES group). Their feedback was collected, compared, and statistically analyzed. Results: Statistically significant higher score was obtained by ‘postgraduate students/residents taught using plastinated specimens’ than the ‘postgraduate students/residents taught using embalmed specimens’ on the selected topic ‘hand’. Conclusions: The performances of anatomy postgraduate students/residents taught using plastinated specimens were significantly better. Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2023, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 3-7
Context: The linear measurements of trochlea differ from person to person depending on race, age, sex and stature. These are helpful in management of reconstructive surgery, trochlear fracture, prosthetic elbow replacement, postoperative evaluation and also an important factor for assessment of various upper limb dimorphism. The present study is intended to estimate the linear measurements of trochlea among the adult Bangladeshi people and to find out the variations between males and females. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2018 to June 2019. Digital radiograph of elbow joint A/P view and lateral view were taken from 80 medical students (male 40 and female 40) aged between 21 years to 25 years. Then different linear measurements of trochlea were measured by using the “MB Ruler” software. Results: The study showed that values of measurement of Trochlear Breadth (TB), Trochlear Constriction Length (TCL), Trochlear Sulcus Depth (TSD) were significantly higher in male than female; nonsignificant higher value was found in male regarding trochleo-capitular sulcus depth. Conclusion: Findings of the present study revealed that most of the linear measurements of trochlea were higher in male. Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2023, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 25-29
Context: Eyebrow height helps to identify race & gender of an individual. Eyebrow morphology plays a key role in facial aesthetics and expression. Eyebrow height varies by sex, age and ethnicity. This study was aimed to measure the eyebrow height among the adult Bangladeshi people and to find out the variations in eyebrow height between male and female. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 200 healthy medical students (100 males and 100 females), aged 20–25 years, from July 2017 to June 2018. Frontal digital photographs were taken with eyes open and closed in the Anatomy Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Green Life Medical College, and Mugda Medical College, Dhaka. Eyebrow height was measured using Adobe Photoshop CC: 2014 and MB Ruler software. Independent t-tests were applied to compare male and female measurements. Results: The mean ± SD of eyebrow height was 7.57±1.87 mm in male and 10.50±7.72 mm in female. Statistically significant higher value was found in female Conclusion: Eyebrow height shows sexual dimorphism. Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2023, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 32-34
Objectives: This study was aimed to establish the baseline average for both the maximum length of the humerus and the length of the bicipital groove specifically in fully ossified dry humerus of Bangladeshi individuals. This accounts for regional variations in skeletal size and density. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 fully ossified dry human humerus (43 right and 57 left) in the Department of Anatomy at Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, from July 2021 to June 2022. A non-random sampling technique was adopted. The parameters studied were the maximum length of the humerus and the length of the bicipital groove, measured with a metallic scale and digital slide calipers respectively. Results: This study showed that, the mean maximum length of the right & left humerus was 304.139 ± 17.652 mm and 300.42 ± 20.779 mm respectively. The mean length of the bicipital groove of the right and left humerus was 66.646 ± 11.563 mm and 66.002 ± 13.025 mm respectively. Conclusion: Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between maximum humeral length and bicipital groove length on both sides Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2023, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 19-24
