Children's snacking habits may reduce the likelihood of diseases brought on by dietary issues. Although wheat flour is most frequently used to make biscuits, it is not produced in Indonesia. Instead, biscuits are made with complementary components such as cassava flour. This study aims to determine the acceptability of biscuits made from modified cassava flour (Mocaf) as an alternative complementary food based on local produce for toddlers. This cross-sectional study assessed the acceptability of mocaf biscuits among healthy toddlers. An organoleptic test was conducted with untrained panellists, and acceptance tests were conducted with toddlers. Mocaf Biscuits Formula 3 emerged as the best formula and was most widely accepted by the panelists and subsequently analysed for its nutritional content, physical and its acceptability was tested among healthy toddlers at selected locations. This study concluded that biscuits made from mocaf flour, arrowroot starch and catfish meat have a nutritional value that meets the requirements for biscuits used in complementary feeding. These biscuits were well-received by 48% of the toddler respondents.
Poor sanitation in food establishments is associated with the presence of cockroaches as mechanical vectors of various pathogens. This study aimed to examine the presence and density of cockroaches and their relationship with sanitation conditions in food establishments in Tembalang District, Semarang City. The study employed a cross-sectional analytical observational design at 54 food establishments selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected by setting glue traps for 24 hours, a sanitation observations sheet based on Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023, measuring temperature and humidity, and conducting interviews regarding cockroach control practices. Cockroaches were detected in 29.6% of the food establishments, predominantly Periplaneta americana (95.6%), with an average density index of 0.42. A total of 61.1% of the food establishments did not meet sanitation requirements. Temperature and humidity did not show a significant association with cockroach density under the conditions of this study (p = 1.000). This lack of significance cannot be interpreted as evidence that the two factors have no effect, as the range of values obtained was relatively limited. Conversely, control practices showed a significant association with cockroach density (Spearman r = −0.365; p = 0.007). Given the cross-sectional design, this association is correlational and does not indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.
Indonesian hospitals work under the JKN national health insurance scheme with INA-CBG case-based payment, and in recent years also under the electronic medical record obligation and the standard inpatient class (KRIS) policy; their results depend to a large extent on how fast internal capabilities are turned into coordinated action. This study tests whether innovation ambidexterity and resource orchestration capability are positively associated with organizational agility, and whether agility is positively associated with perceived hospital performance. We surveyed hospital directors between 8 January and 31 March 2026 using purposive key-informant sampling. In total 173 directors responded, one per hospital, and the data were analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Both innovation ambidexterity (β = 0.338; p < 0.001) and resource orchestration capability (β = 0.405; p < 0.001) were positively associated with organizational agility, with ROC showing a slightly larger estimated path coefficient. Agility was also positively associated with perceived performance (β = 0.587; p = 0.001), and the indirect effects of both capabilities through agility were significant. These findings support organizational agility as an empirical link between strategic capabilities and perceived hospital performance, and suggest that directors should manage it together with their innovation and resource decisions.
Many Indonesian teenagers suffer from mental disorders but rarely recognize them or seek help; fewer than 5% access support services. Stories about teenagers in films may help build understanding, but whether they do so remain uncertain. To our knowledge, this study is among the first to conceptualize visual readability as a multidimensional construct and associate it with mental health literacy through an integrated Uses and Gratifications and Transtheoretical Model framework. In a cross-sectional survey, 385 Grade XI students from three Semarang City secondary schools who had watched the Indonesian film “Ku Kira Kau Rumah” completed a 30-item, 10-dimension visual readability instrument and a four-item literacy scale. Visual readability showed no significant association with mental health literacy (Spearman’s ρ = −0.04, 95% CI −0.14 to 0.06, p = 0.46); no dimension survived multiple-testing correction, and neither construct differed by sex, school type, or viewing frequency (all p > 0.45). Both scales showed very low internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = −0.01), warranting caution. Being emotionally engaged with a story is not the same as learning from it; guided discussion and better-validated pre-post designs are needed.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. IPV may affect reproductive health, with pregnancy loss, including miscarriage, abortion, and stillbirth, among possible adverse outcomes. This study examined the association between IPV and pregnancy outcomes among ever-married women in Indonesia. Secondary data from 7,659 women aged 15–49 years participating in the 2024 National Women's Life Experience Survey were analyzed. Pregnancy outcomes were classified as live birth or pregnancy loss, with pregnancy loss including miscarriage, abortion, and stillbirth. Independent variables included restriction, economic, psychological, physical, and sexual violence. Multiple logistic regression was performed, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Among respondents, 18.45% experienced pregnancy loss. Restriction (aOR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.12–1.44) and psychological violence (aOR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.09–1.54) remained in the final multivariable model and were associated with pregnancy loss. Physical, sexual, and economic IPV were not retained in the final multivariable model after variable selection. These findings suggest that partner control and psychological abuse may reduce women's autonomy and access to maternal healthcare, potentially increasing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
