Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, progressive, potentially malignant oral disorder characterized by progressive mucosal fibrosis and restricted mouth opening, predominantly affecting populations in the Indian subcontinent. Persistent fibrosis and tissue remodeling may create a hypoxic microenvironment that promotes neoangiogenesis during disease progression. CD105 (Endoglin), a marker preferentially expressed by activated and proliferating endothelial cells, may therefore indicate active neoangiogenesis in OSMF. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated CD105-assessed microvessel density (CD105-MVD) in OSMF compared with normal oral mucosa and examined its association with disease severity, including differences between early and advanced OSMF. Systematic literature search was performed in electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 2026, following the PRISMA 2020 protocol. The review protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261284900). Studies evaluating CD105-MVD in tissue samples of histopathologically and clinically diagnosed OSMF cases were included. Risk of bias in the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects meta-analysis was performed using standardized mean difference (SMD) to compare OSMF with normal oral mucosa (NOM) and advanced with early OSMF stages. Seven cross-sectional studies from India were included in this review. The meta-analysis of three studies showed that CD105-MVD was significantly higher in OSMF than in NOM (SMD = 1.81; 95
To evaluate the effects of four osteotomy preparation protocols and two implant designs on immediate mechanical stability outcomes in an ex vivo bovine-rib model. Trabecular density was not measured; therefore, the model is not classified as objectively low-density bone. Eighty independent fresh bovine ribs (one implant per rib) were randomly allocated to eight groups (n = 10). Two implant designs (V2 and Quattro) were placed after conventional drilling (lance-shaped initial drill, 2.0-mm helical drill, 3.0-mm helical drill, and 3.3-mm final helical drill), undersized drilling (lance-shaped initial drill, 2.0-mm helical drill, and 3.0-mm final helical drill), expansion (lance-shaped initial drill, 2.0-mm helical drill, and 2.6-, 3.0-, and 3.4-mm expanders), or osteodensification (lance-shaped initial drill, followed by a 2.0-mm helical drill clockwise and 2.3-, 2.5-, 3.0-, and 3.3-mm densifying burs counterclockwise). Peak insertion torque was recorded using a Ticare dynamometric torque wrench. Implant stability was assessed by Periotest and resonance frequency analysis (RFA; implant stability quotient [ISQ]) before reverse-torque testing. Neither trabecular density nor another objective bone-quality measure was available. Implant macrogeometry significantly affected insertion torque, reverse torque, and ISQ (all p < 0.001), whereas preparation technique affected insertion torque and reverse torque. Undersized drilling produced higher insertion torque than conventional drilling (Holm-adjusted p = 0.044); osteodensification did not differ significantly from conventional drilling. Macrogeometry-by-technique interactions were observed for reverse torque (p < 0.001) and ISQ (p = 0.032). The pooled insertion-torque–ISQ correlation (r = 0.496; p < 0.001) remained significant after adjustment for macrogeometry, technique, and their interaction (B = 0.176 ISQ units/N·cm; 95
Although daily chemical disinfection is crucial for preventing biofilm formation on maxillofacial silicone prostheses, it frequently induces material degradation and color instability. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of various skin and mucosal disinfectants on the color stability of three maxillofacial silicone elastomers. 180 disk-shaped specimens were fabricated from three addition-cured platinum silicones: M511, TechSil S-25, and Z004. The specimens were pigmented to simulate a skin color and randomly divided into six groups based on the disinfectant used: distilled water (control), hypochlorous acid, 67.2
Dental education is a stressful, demanding environment that may adversely affect various aspects of students’ health, including temporomandibular disorders (TMD), perceived stress, poor sleep, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study assessed the interrelationships among TMD, perceived stress, sleep quality, and OHRQoL among dental students. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 168 dental students at the College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed the validated Arabic short versions of the Short Fonseca Anamnestic Index for TMD (SFAI-TMD) and the 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5). They also completed study-adapted 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) and 6-item Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-6) questionnaires derived from validated Arabic full-length instruments. We assessed associations between outcomes and participant characteristics using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests and examined correlations using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The p-value was set at < 0.05. The mean scores were 16.97 ± 21.93 for SFAI-TMD, 7.44 ± 2.98 for OHIP-5, 12.02 ± 2.65 for PSS-4, and 6.58 ± 3.22 for PSQI-6. TMD symptoms were present in 44.8
The effect of resin shade on the manufacturing accuracy and mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D)-printed provisional restorations remains unclear. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of resin shade on manufacturing accuracy, surface hardness, and degree of conversion of provisional restorations produced using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing systems. A photopolymer resin in four different shades (A2, A3, B1, and B2) was used to fabricate 96 specimens using a DLP 3D printer (Asiga Max 2, Asiga). In each shade group, eight specimens were produced as three-unit fixed dental prostheses to evaluate manufacturing accuracy. The remaining specimens were prepared as discs (10 mm diameter, 3 mm thickness) for surface hardness and degree of conversion analyses. Manufacturing accuracy was evaluated by comparing printed restorations with reference CAD data using 3D analysis software and calculating root mean square (RMS) deviations. Surface hardness was measured using a microhardness tester (HV0.05; 490.3 mN). The degree of conversion was determined using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Resin shade significantly affected external manufacturing accuracy and surface hardness (p < .05). The A3 shade demonstrated the highest surface hardness and the most favorable external accuracy values. No statistically significant differences were observed in internal accuracy or degree of conversion (p > .05). Resin shade may influence the external manufacturing accuracy and surface hardness of DLP-printed provisional restorations, although the differences observed remained within clinically acceptable limits. Shade selection should therefore be considered not only for esthetics but also for its potential effect on production accuracy and material performance.
