Quantum telepathy is the concept of using quantum entanglement to solve real-world problems that require decision coordination between parties among which communication between certain pairs is restricted.One possible reason for this communication restriction is a latency constraint:some pairs of parties do not have sufficient time to exchange information before producing their outputs.Example scenarios include high-frequency trading and distributed systems.Another reason is physical or operational isolation:for certain pairs of parties,communication is obstructed.Example scenarios include drone navigation in remote areas and ad hoc network routing where nodes belong to competing firms.This paper provides a concise overview of the diverse application areas of quantum telepathy.These real-world problems can be modeled as nonlocal games or their generalizations,in which a subset of parties may communicate.In addition,possible physical implementations are also discussed.Quantum telepathy offers a provable quantum advantage,as guaranteed by Bell's theorem,and this advantage can be realized using existing quantum hardware.
基于色散傅里叶变换技术研究了反常色散腔内传统孤子和正常色散腔内耗散孤子建立时的孤子动力学过程.为探究脉冲在光放大器中如何随放大功率演变,实验和模拟研究了这两类孤子经放大器放大后的动态变化.结果表明,这两类孤子的光谱在建立时会经历不同的振荡过程,传统孤子光谱会由能量有剧烈振荡的调制拍频状态过渡至稳定,耗散孤子光谱则会由无序调制状态平稳展宽至稳定.在放大器中,随着放大器泵浦功率的上升,传统孤子光谱中心能量将被转移而展宽,耗散孤子光谱则在保持谱宽不变的情况下在边沿出现尖峰.这些锁模光纤激光器和光放大器中的动态孤子非线性现象在超快激光及其放大系统中有着潜在的应用价值.
采用荧光光谱法和紫外吸收光谱法,研究了牛磺酸对人血清白蛋白(HSA)微环境和构象的影响,结果发现不同温度下牛磺酸与HSA通过静态猝灭机制发生有规律地猝灭,速率常数均>2.0×1010 L·M-1·s-1,结合常数随温度升高而升高,结合位点数接近0.5;热力学参数焓变<0,熵变>0,自由能变化<0表明结合过程是自发进行,主要作用力是静电引力;根据Forster非辐射能量转移理论估算出牛磺酸与HSA结合距离为2.645,存在非放射能量转移.结果表明牛磺酸影响HSA微环境,使HSA空间构象发生变化,牛磺酸保护肝细胞,改善门静脉结构和功能可能与此作用机制有关.
金刚石具有高热导率、宽光谱透过范围、大拉曼增益系数和大拉曼频移等优点,已成为拓展波长范围、获得高功率高光束质量新波长的重要拉曼介质.利用第一性原理对金刚石晶格参数、能带结构、态密度、声子谱等进行了计算,系统分析了结构特征、频谱、能带间隙及电子分布特性.在此基础上,考虑了金刚石的电子运动态以及电场方向对金刚石能带间隙的影响,发现金刚石在<100>晶向最易受电场影响,在<111>晶向最稳定.给出了金刚石晶体的全部本征振动模式和相应频率,分析结果表明泵浦光沿着<110>晶向入射、并沿着<111>晶向偏振时拉曼增益最大.同时讨论了光谱区域内多声子吸收机理,为金刚石拉曼激光效率提升以及波长拓展提供了理论依据.
基于偏振分束器和半波片线性光学元件,把在偏振自由度中出现的比特翻转和相位翻转错误转移到空间自由度中,从而实现针对极化低纠缠GHZ态的确定性纠缠纯化.利用线性光学和超纠缠的方法,该确定性纠缠纯化方案实施过程中无需知晓待纯化的低纠缠GHZ态的任何参数,无需将偏振自由度中相位翻转错误转化成比特翻转再进行纯化,也无需引入非线性效应,仅需一个纯化步骤,即可确定性地纠正在偏振混合态中出现的比特翻转和相位翻转错误,极大地增强了该方案的实验可行性.
