Durante el año 2026 seguimos estrechando lazos interinstitucionales en los ámbitos académico, científico y tecnológico. En esta edición de las Jornadas de Ciencia y Tecnología Agraria fue anfitriona la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (Argentina), durante los días 25 y 26 de junio pasado, y contó con el apoyo de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad de Concepción (Chile) y la Facultad de Recursos Naturales de la Universidad Católica de Temuco (Chile). La actividad se desarrolló en un ambiente de colaboración y fraternidad entre las instituciones organizadoras, promoviendo la integración de conocimientos y experiencias que contribuyan al fortalecimiento de nuestras comunidades académicas y profesionales.Incluyeron tres charlas magistrales, 71 trabajos presentados en formato de poster digital, y 13 trabajos presentados en sesiones orales.
Fodder scarcity during lean periods in Pakistan is a major concern of the farmers to feed their animals which can be reduced by sowing the potential perennial grasses like mombasa grass. Therefore, an experiment was carried out at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with spilt plot arrangement using sowing methods (ridge sowing, bed sowing and line sowing) in main plots while, plant spacing (30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm) in sub-plots. Collected data was analyzed statistically and difference in treatment means was determined by using LSD test at 5 % probability level. The maximum fresh forage yield (43.2 t ha-1) and dry matter yield (12.85 t ha-1) were recorded when crop was planted at 30 cm plant-plant distance on ridges (S1P1). However, highest crude protein (19.0 %) were observed with ridge sowing method and plant spacing 90 cm (S1P3), while plant space 60 cm provided a balance of fresh weight and crude protein. It is recommended from the observations that mombasa grass should be planted on ridges rather than beds and flat surfaces. Plant space of 60 cm may be adopted as practical compromise between yield and forage quality.
In agricultural production systems, crops are often exposed to suboptimal environmental conditions. Plant biostimulants (PBs) are inputs designed to enhance crop adaptation, growth, stress tolerance, and/or quality. An extensive body of research on this topic reports yield increases between 15% and 20%. The present study aimed to evaluate crop responses to PBs in Entre R & iacute;os region through field trials conducted on wheat (41 trials), soybean (37 trials), and corn (16 trials) across multiple growing seasons. Combined data showed that soybean and wheat yields were significantly increased with PB application-by 5% and 3,4%, respectively. Yield gains and agronomic efficiency were more pronounced in less favorable environments, with single applications proving more effective than multiple ones. In contrast, no yield benefits were observed in corn.
The sustainable agricultural model proposes reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and promoting alternatives that preserve soil health, produce nutritious food, and contribute to climate change mitigation. In this context, the use of beneficial microorganisms, such as phosphate-solubilizing fungi, is considered a biological strategy to improve nutrient availability, distinguishing itself from chemical fertilizers by its origin and mode of action. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with Penicillium sp. or Aspergillus sp. individually, and in combination with four doses of rock phosphate (100 %, 75 %, 50%, and 25 %) to improve tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The fungal strains Penicillium sp. A56, Aspergillus sp. Mu42, and Penicillium sp. Mu73 were isolated from agricultural soils in the state of Coahuila. Plants without inoculation or fertilization with phosphate rock were used as controls. Four months after inoculation, the concentrations of P in leaves, root, and substrate were determined. Growth variables were also evaluated, including plant height, root length, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight, number of flowers, and clusters. The results indicated that the best response was obtained with 75% rock phosphate, followed by 50%, and finally 25% and 100%, which showed similar performance. Penicillium sp. Mu73+ 75 % rock phosphate (RP) presented, on average, 3.1 times more available phosphorus concentrations in the substrate, whereas Aspergillus sp. Mu42+ 50 % RP and Aspergillus sp. Mu42+ 75 % RP presented, on average, 6.2 and 8.1 times larger leaves and higher root phosphorus concentrations, respectively, than did the control and the treatments with different doses of rock phosphate. In addition to increasing the concentration of phosphorus, the fungi improved some of the growth variables of the tomato plants. On average, the height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight, number of flowers, and number of bunches increased by 27 %, 15 %, 62 %, 43 %, 5 %, and 20 % respectively, compared with those of both the control treatment and the plants treated with different doses of rock phosphate. Inoculation with these fungi, which solubilize phosphate from organic sources and act as plant growth promoters should be considered a viable option to reduce production costs associated with chemical fertilization and increase the nutritional status of crops to ensure food for future generations.
The wild pollinator fauna in peri-urban vegetable gardens of Rosario (Santa Fe, Argentina) remains largely unknown, despite the fact that numerous crops, such as Solanum lycopersicum var. platense (tomato), benefit from the activity of these insects. Although tomatoes can produce fruits through self-pollination, insect-mediated pollination significantly enhances fruit production. This study had two main objectives: (i) to compile an inventory of wild pollinators in peri-urban tomato gardens, and (ii) to quantify pollen deposition on stigmas caused by insect visits. Observations were conducted on 600 tomato inflorescences in four gardens, recording the abundance, frequency, and behavior of floral visitors. The amount of pollen deposition on stigmas of flowers exposed to visitors was compared with that on stigmas of flowers excluded from visitors (n = 96). Nine morphospecies were identified, five of which corresponded to bees capable of performing buzz pollination, with the family Halictidae standing out for its abundance (107 visits). Bees that collect pollen through buzzing accounted for the majority of visits. The exposed stigmas showed more than twice as many pollen grains as the stigmas of excluded flowers. Peri-urban gardens may function as foraging sites for native pollinators, contributing to an increase in pollination.
