Research on child-friendly cities is an integral part of the Global Childhood Research Movement, emerging under the influence of the new sociology of childhood, feminist theory, and postmodern space theory. It has gone through several developmental stages: a period of germination from the 1970s to the 1980s, a period of exploration from the 1990s to the end of the 20 th century, and a period of maturation from the 21 st century to the present. During this process, the analytical framework has roughly transitioned from a focus on “age-development” to “social construction,” and then to “social structure.” In response to the current neglect of the shift from a child to a childhood perspective, China's child-friendly cities should harness the momentum of the Global Childhood Research Movement. They should pay attention to the spatial issues arising under “inter-generational relations and generational structure,” revitalize the educational and natural attributes of space, and propose urban development strategies focusing on multi-generational childhood and all-age-friendly city programs from a childhood perspective. This approach will help to realize the coordination between people（in their childhood stages） and place（urban space）.
From the perspective of the rent gap,the public interest in urban regeneration can be seen as a form of public attribute rent gap that the public entrusts the government to capture. Maximizing the capture of public interests is the core goal of urban regeneration. However, the marketoriented regeneration dominated by developers has generally led to the dissipation of public interests.This paper optimizes the rent gap model from the perspective of “public domain”, incorporates property definition and rent-capturing subjects into the rent gap model, and constructs an explanatory logic of “property definition – land rent generation – rent gap distribution – public interest capture and dissipation”. It is found that the capture and dissipation of public interest is the comprehensive result of property definition, rent gap distribution,and government intervention, in which government intervention plays a core role. In the two stages of the initial definition and restructuring of property rights, there exist three typical types of the public domain of property rights: informal space land rent, public interest, and releasable potential land rent. The government changes the distribution of the rent gap through the differential intervention of the above-mentioned land rent that falls into the public domain, thus affecting the process of urban regeneration and the capture and dissipation of public interests. Finally, this paper suggests that effective governance of the public domain of property rights in urban regeneration should be strengthened to protect the capture of public interests in urban regeneration.
从某种意义上来说,这个对话的题目是何老师提的,她也把问题回答了出来.这个问题非常重要,我用3个词谈谈体会: 第一个词就是对话主题上的"破境",无论是破败的历史环境,还是破碎的历史地区,都是一个负面的界定.到底是什么原因造成的"破境"需要认真思考,历史文化名城保护制度建立40多年了,整体保存下来的名城是少数.这是由于一直以来以快速发展为导向,也就是西方国家也经历过的将"城市作为增长机器"(The city as a growth machine)的快速发展造成的,为了效益和效率忽略了城市的可持续性和历史文化价值.
我国历史文化名城保护制度建立40年来,取得了卓越非凡的成就.在快速发展的城镇化进程当中,正是因为有了历史文化名城保护制度,使得一大批历史城区得到了有效保护.目前进入到城市更新的时代,如何通过科学合理的有机更新,让历史城区得到价值、品质和活力提升,融入日常的城市生活和城市发展,变得十分关键.
As one of the home ownership policies ensuring adequate housing for everyone,shared ownership homes have been launched in many provinces and cities since 2014,but haven't achieved the expected goal.The scheme of shared ownership housing in the UK has been constantly adjusted in the past more than 40 years,which is of great reference value for us.Based on the development history,role,and operation mode of the UK's shared ownership scheme,this paper compares it with other affordable ownership homes,and finds that the shared ownership scheme plays an important supporting role in the British public housing system,which has obvious advantages over renting houses and brings economic and political benefits to the government.However,it cannot effectively help the"sandwich class"to ease the pressure of housing price.There are also many other negative effects such as complicated design,legal risk,risk of asset price decline,high holding cost,and lack of liquidity.In the current practice of ownership guarantee policies,we should learn from the British experience and lessons,clarify our positioning,and optimize the shared ownership housing scheme.
