Background: Dysexecutive syndrome is a prominent and functionally significant cognitive feature of schizophrenia. This study assesses and correlates executive function (EF) deficits and dysexecutive behavior (DB) in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and healthy participants. Methods: We evaluated 22 FES patients (aged 17–29 years, history of single episode of schizophrenia, treated with atypical antipsychotics) and 20 controls matched for gender, age, and education. EF was evaluated using the Modified Six Elements Test (MSET), Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST), and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). DB was evaluated using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) and Behavioral Dysexecutive Syndrome Inventory (BDSI). Results: FES patients had marked dysexecutive behaviors and executive function impairments as compared to controls. Our findings suggest that executive function scores on standardized neuropsychological tests may be ecologically valid predictors of dysexecutive behavior. Conclusion: DB is common during first-episode schizophrenia and may be a primary impairment throughout disease progression. The present results inform clinical practice by providing insight into first-episode schizophrenia specific features of dysexecutive behavior. Understanding the associations between executive function tests and dysexecutive behaviors helps to explain the social adjustment disorders associated with schizophrenia. This knowledge may be used to improve diagnostic and therapeutic tools; for example, clarifying the implications of specific DEX and BDSI dimensions could increase the efficacy of individual or familial psychotherapy and cognitive rehabilitation interventions.
Fish is good for both mental and physical health. Fish contains high quality protein, good lipids consisting of essential fatty acids, important minerals, vitamins etc. The grey matter of the brain consists of about 60% lipids consisting of essential fatty acids DHA, ARA, EPA etc. DHA is the building blocks of brain tissues. Essential fatty acids are important in prevention and amelioration of many civilization and age related diseases such as heart diseases, dementia, mental decline etc. Fish protein as complete protein contains functional amino acids that are rich in brain, hearts, and eyes that are associated with their functions. Fish also contains important minerals, vitamins that are also good for brain. Factors of mental health are many but how to use the faculty is very important. The important functional components of fish are essential and help in overall well-being and quality of human life boosting performance ability. So the objective of the paper is to discuss the important roles of functional components of fish leading to overall well-being, better mental health and mood.
This study evaluated the internal consistency and factor structure of the Kuwaiti version of the 10-item Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and its relation to demographic variables, teacher burnout, and psychological stress. The ERQ has two subscales measuring an individual’s use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression as emotion regulation strategies. A random non-referred sample of parents of 1733 teachers in the mainstream school teachers in the state of Kuwait completed the ERQ and other scales. The results indicated adequate internal consistencies (Cronbach’s alpha) of the two subscales (cognitive reappraisal .88; expressive suppression.73). Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in close to acceptable fit (RMSEA=0.110;CFI=0.875; GFI=0.916). The ERQ cognitive reappraisal scale correlated negatively with both perceived stress; helplessness (r=-.127**,p<.000), self-efficacy (r=-.103**,p<.000). Also, it is negatively correlated with Positive-Difficulty identifying feelings (P-DIF) (r=- .131**,p<.000), Positive-Difficulty describing feelings (r=-.036,p<.131),General-Externally Oriented Thinking (G-EOT), (r=-.096**,p<.000). However, expressive suppression is positively correlated with perceived stress subscales and the subscales of alexithymia. To conclude, this study showed the adequate reliability and construct validity of the ERQ in a large sample of Kuwaiti teachers. Specific use of suppression or reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy was related to job satisfaction, quality of work environment, and employment of adequate discipline strategies in the expected direction.
Introduction: The present study analyzes the individual characteristics and typology of the basic properties of STS and the bioelectrical phenomena in the brain that arise when solving problems of separate and simultaneous scaling of STI of 5 and 15 sec. Methods: In 40 conventionally healthy subjects of both sexes, the indicators of the average duration of subjective time intervals were assessed. The deviations of the subjective time from the objective time were compared, the stability of these indicators was determined in 5 repeated tests, and the spectral power density of the electroencephalograms recorded in a single system with measurements of time was calculated. Results: The results showed that the STS for 5 sec has a smaller deviation of the subjective time intervals from the objective time and has a greater variability of indicators in repeated tests compared to the STS for 15 sec. With the interaction of STS, the duration of the subjective time increases and approaches the objective one for both scales. Conclusion: We present individual characteristics of the subjects on the basis ofcluster analysis of subjective time intervals deviations from the objective time are grouped into 2 psycho-physiological time scaling profiles. The profiles differ in the bioelectrical activity of the brain: The EEG spectral power in the studied frequency range is higher in representatives of the second profile both with separate and simultaneous time scaling.
Objectives: The role of susceptibilities in a magnetic field can be used for imaging a diverse group of disease patterns in the human body. The objective of this study is to utilize these properties in the spectrum of neurological diseases. Materials and methods: This is a prospective and retrospective study conducted in the department of radio diagnosis, KMC Hospital, Ambedkar Circle in Mangalore. Over a period of 3 years, utilizing 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging machine on subjects who had come for routine neurological consultation with clinical indications for imaging. 129 patients of any age group with suspected haemorrhage, infarct, trauma, seizures, intracranial infections, intracranial venous thrombosis and vascular malformations were studied. Results: A total of 129 subjects were studied-40 cases of acute stroke,40 cases of haemorrhage, 8 cases with suspected micro haemorrhages, 15 cases of venous thrombosis, 11 cases of calcifications and 14 cases of contrast enhancement manifesting on SWI imaging in the form of varied susceptibilities to clinch the diagnosis and enable appropriate treatment. Conclusion: Susceptibility weighted imaging is an effective and useful diagnostic tool in magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis for a variety of neurological conditions.
