Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is reserved for tumours with a worse prognosis, introducing confounding by indication. Using sequentially adjusted Cox models to display confounding step by step, we assessed prognostic factors and the role of neoadjuvant therapy in a single-centre breast cancer cohort. Retrospective study of 461 women treated at a single Spanish hospital (2016–2018) and followed to March 2026 (median 7.3 years; 456 in survival analyses). Overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods; proportional hazards were checked with Schoenfeld residuals and missing data handled by multiple imputation. Five-year OS and DFS were 89.7
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global health challenge with limited actionable genomic targets compared to other gastrointestinal malignancies. Despite this, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is gaining traction for research and precision oncology applications. This study evaluates the current landscape of NGS implementation for HCC in clinical practice across Spain. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2025 among experts from Spanish oncology centers. The survey assessed the availability of NGS, the timing of testing, common genomic alterations sought, and the clinical impact of molecular profiling in HCC management. Of the 54 responding centers, only 15
Social determinants of health (SDOH) may influence cancer outcomes, although their integration in routine clinical records remains limited. This retrospective two-center cohort included adults with histologically confirmed advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed in 2023. Clinical variables and prespecified SDOH were extracted from electronic medical records. The primary endpoint was documentation completeness for each SDOH variable. Forty-four patients were included. Clinical variables were consistently documented, whereas SDOH showed substantial missing data. Missingness was moderate for type of residence (20.5
Breast cancer stage at diagnosis varies across populations and healthcare settings. We aimed to identify factors independently associated with stage III disease across different healthcare contexts. We conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study of patients with stage I–III invasive breast cancer diagnosed between January 1 and December 31, 2025, at four tertiary institutions in Spain, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama. The primary outcome was stage III versus stage I–II disease. Multivariable logistic regression assessed age, country, molecular subtype, and diagnostic method. A sensitivity analysis replaced diagnostic method with routine screening. Model discrimination and calibration were assessed. Among 918 patients initially identified, 843 were included; 632 (75.0
To evaluate the prognostic significance of FDG PET/CT-derived tumor burden, host metabolic activity, inflammatory biomarkers, and body composition parameters for predicting complete metabolic response (CMR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. Ninety women with histologically confirmed invasive ductal breast cancer who underwent baseline and post-treatment FDG PET/CT examinations following NAC were retrospectively included. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), brain-to-liver ratio (Brain/LR), bone marrow-to-liver ratio (BM/LR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and psoas muscle-to-subcutaneous fat thickness ratio (PS/SCFT) were analyzed. Correlation analyses, multivariable regression analyses, and ROC analyses were performed. CMR was achieved in 77 patients (85.6
