Anionic surfactants, such as petroleum sulfonates and heavy alkyl benzene sulfonates, are commonly used as oil displacement agents for tertiary oil recovery in domestic oilfields. However, these surfactants are derived from petroleum products and contain aromatic ring structures that are difficult to biodegrade. This presents significant challenges for environmental governance. To address the issues, the team synthesized sulfonate oil displacement agent EOSA through the sulfonation reaction of waste edible oil ester with oleum. The synthesis process was optimized via laboratory experiments, and the team determined the optimal reaction conditions to be a reactant ratio of 1:2, a reaction time of 4 h, and a reaction temperature of 65℃.In this study, it was discovered that the bio oil sulfonate oil displacement agent, EOSA, effectively decreased the interfacial tension between oil and water. The interfacial tension value was observed to reach 10–3 mN/m, while the agent exhibited temperature resistance of up to 200℃. Additionally, EOSA demonstrated strong salinity resistance, and laboratory experiments revealed that adding just 0.5
为探究新型膨润土除磷剂(BDA)的除磷效果与除磷后的污泥脱水沉降性能,以BDA为吸附剂,通过考察吸附时间、投加量、与聚合氯化铝(PAC)混合投加比例等因素对除磷效果的影响,探究BDA的除磷性能、沉降性能、脱水性能以及实际废水除磷效果.研究结果表明:当 BDA 投加量高于 200 mg·L-1 时,对于5 mg·L-1 的模拟含磷废水去除率达到 90%以上;BDA与PAC混合投加对磷的去除效果均优于单一投加BDA或PAC的效果;BDA脱水性能优于PAC,且有助于加速除磷后污泥的沉降过程.因此,可以采用BDA与PAC混合物来处理实际含磷废水,以达到高效除磷、提高脱水沉降性能、降低成本的目的.
H2S是固定污染源废气监测的重要成分.该研究选用几款H2S电化学传感器和一款紫外荧光H2S在线分析仪进行比对实验,系统研究了SO2对H2S测定结果的干扰程度、SO2对H2S电化学传感器灵敏度的影响,并探讨了SO2对H2S的干扰产生的原因.研究结果表明:紫外荧光分析仪测定H2S时,示值和灵敏度不受固定污染源废气中SO2的干扰;电化学传感器测定固定污染源废气中H2S时,SO2 会对H2S测定值有影响,SO2质量分数越高,对H2S测定值的干扰越大,而即使 100 μg·g-1的SO2 仍然使H2S示值增大很多;SO2质量分数越大,H2S电化学传感器的灵敏度降低越多.
为了制备7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN-38)脂质体并进行相关制剂学评价,采用薄膜分散法制备SN-38脂质体,以包封率为评价指标,用高效液相色谱法进行测定,通过单因素实验考察优化SN-38脂质体的制备工艺并进行质量评价.结果表明:制备工艺中,磷脂浓度3％,药脂比为1:20,胆固醇与磷脂比为1:6,水化温度为50℃,包封率平均值为92.0％,选择质量分数为10％的甘露醇为冻干保护剂,制备SN-38脂质体的冻干品;质量评价方面,SN-38脂质体的外观澄清带有蓝色乳光,平均粒径为147 nm.选用载体成膜法制备SN-38脂质体的工艺操作简便、合理可行.
为进一步了解和掌握广东垦区农场天然橡胶的质量和性能情况,广垦橡胶集团技术创新中心在前5年研究主要橡胶品系的基础上,2022年以较有区域代表性的三大农场天然胶乳为研究对象,结合其混合品系及橡胶割制的特点,开展质量指标及理化性能特征研究.结果表明:三大农场鲜胶乳干胶含量、非胶成分、钙镁离子含量等质量指标优异,干胶质量分数高,介于27％～32％;产品浓缩胶乳保存效果好,稳定性较高,理化性能好,其中新时代农场机械稳定度提升最明显;团结农场硫化胶膜物理性能指标最高.
