This study evaluated the stability of 21 CMS lines of sunflower across six environmental conditions. The genotype × environment interaction component accounted for the largest proportion of variation in seed yield, oil content, and other morphological traits. The first two interaction principal components accounted for the majority of variation, explaining days to 50% flowering (94.8%), days to maturity (90.7%), seed yield per plant (89.7%) and oil content (88.6%). The GGE biplot indicated that NDLA 21 for seed yield per plant and NDLA 6, NDLA 13 and NDLA 19 for oil content performed above average across the testing environments. The E3 and E5 environments are relatively discriminating for identifying stable lines in the study. Considering all the quantitative traits, the NDLA 21, NDLA 9, NDLA 17, NDLA 22, NDLA 5 and NDLA 20 CMS lines were identified as stable and can be used in the development of potential hybrids in sunflower.
This study aimed to analyze the additive and non-additive genetic effects governing protein content in soybean grains and to identify superior parents and maternal contributions in advanced generations. A total of 170 F8 soybean lines and 95 commercial cultivars were evaluated during the 2024/2025 growing season. The total protein content in the grains (%) was determined. Deviance analysis confirmed significant effects of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). Narrow-sense heritability was low (2%), while broad-sense heritability reached 52%, demonstrating total genetic variability, attributable to dominance and epistatic effects. The average overall crude protein content was 36.15%. The parents NS5958RR, Maradona, and DM5.8BmxApoloRR showed the highest positive GCA estimates, indicating the presence of favorable additive alleles. The most promising specific combination was L77, with a 1.16% increase in protein, followed by L87. Maternal contributions were evident, particularly when NS5958RR and Maradona were used as female parents.
GBS is a free software package featuring an interactive, user-friendly interface designed to simplify routine tasks in the design and data analysis of plant breeding experiments. Available at https://github.com/VQCarneiro/GBS, it supports multiple experimental designs and enables analyses using fixed, random, or mixed models.
In Brazil, pecan orchards are dominated by a few cultivars, highlighting the need to develop genotypes better adapted to the country’s specific conditions. Old, seed-derived pecan genotypes harbor significant genetic variability and may represent an important source of desirable traits for breeding. The selection of promising genotypes should be based on a combination of genetic and morphometric data. This study reports the evaluation of pecan genotypes using data from SSR markers and nut morphometric traits. It also introduces GMDA, software designed to support germplasm characterization and selection. Results revealed high allelic diversity (A = 12.3) but low genetic diversity (Ho = 0.29) among genotypes. Fruit size and shell proportion were the main traits differentiating the genotypes. Nine genotypes were identified as having potential for registration as new cultivars. By integrating and correlating genetic and morphometric analyses within a single platform, GMDA arises as an effective tool supporting breeding and conservation.
The aim of this study was to select soybean cultivars adapted to Mozambican farming systems using participatory and conventional breeding and to assess the extent of agreement between these approaches. Experiments were conducted in the Zambézia and Tete provinces during the 2021/22 growing season in a randomized complete block design with 41 genotypes and three replications. In the participatory plant breeding approach, 165 farmers participated in the selection process. The top 35 cultivars for each method were identified and then compared using a coincidence index, which resulted in –29.41, confirming the divergence. The cultivar TGX 2002-3DM was ranked highest in the conventional method, whereas TGX 2014-16FM was selected by farmers. These findings indicate the need to incorporate farmers’ preferred traits in selecting varieties in the breeding process to increase the likelihood of adoption of the varieties. These results support the hypotheses proposed in this study.
