The impostor phenomenon is strongly associated with low self-worth, but its associations with broader related beliefs remain insufficiently understood. In a sample of 276 participants, we examined associations between multidimensional impostorism and self-related core beliefs using correlations and hierarchical regression. Self-esteem-related core beliefs explained substantial variance in general impostorism, R² = .525, but agency and communion jointly accounted for additional variance, ΔR² = .074. These findings suggest that agency and interpersonal beliefs jointly contribute information about impostorism beyond self-esteem-related beliefs. Longitudinal research and independent replication are needed to clarify these associations and their theoretical implications.
The ability to concentrate, learn new things, remember, and make decisions is central to human functioning. We examined trends in self-reports of difficulties with these cognitive tasks among U.S. adolescents in two nationally representative samples, one with data since 1982 (n = 84,412, 17–18 years old) and another since 2015 (n = 50,222, 14–18 years old). Adolescents in 2023–24 were twice as likely to report cognitive difficulties than adolescents in the early 1980s. More than half of the increase occurred since 2010, with 2023–24 adolescents 91% more likely to have trouble learning, 58% more likely to have difficulty thinking and concentrating, and 42% more likely to have trouble remembering than adolescents in 2009–10 (in exploratory analyses). In the second dataset, adolescents in 2023 were 51% more likely to report having serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions than those in 2015. Increases in cognitive difficulties were larger among girls, especially since 2010. At the group level 2007–2024, cognitive difficulties were higher when smartphone ownership and daily social media use were higher and lower when divorce, unemployment, concern for the environment, and academic pressure were higher. From 1982 to 2006, cognitive difficulties were higher in years when income inequality was higher. Girls who used social media more than once an hour were 33% more likely to report having cognitive difficulties than non-users. The rise of smartphones and social media occurred in tandem with a marked increase in adolescents reporting difficulty thinking, concentrating, learning, remembering, and making decisions.
Home cage monitoring is a key goal for animal welfare as it allows behaviour assessment in a familiar setting without disturbance. There are challenges in adapting existing methods to species such as primates that are housed in groups in large, highly enriched enclosures. Segmentation models such as Yolo provide a reliable mechanism for breaking down complex environments into different components. Together with the use of the Segment-Anything-Model from Meta it is possible to create an annotated dataset for a complex environment and train a model in a reasonably short time (<1 month). For this project a Yolo segmentation model was trained to detect rhesus macaques (group size 2-20 monkeys) in highly enriched indoor environments (enclosures measuring 8.4 m x 2.7 m x 2.8 m with multiple levels of enrichment). The current setup allows the monkeys to be monitored 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (for 22 different groups of monkeys) with output measures including foraging and enclosure use. A system of checks allows model performance to be tracked over time and for rapid retraining of the model if something changes in the environment (such as lighting or novel enrichment items). The effectiveness of the model is demonstrated by showing increased foraging when a scatter feed is given.
