BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study investigates whether quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived signal measurements are associated with immunohistochemical biomarkers in breast cancer, extending beyond morphological assessment to signal-based imaging characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study retrospectively included 63 patients with 66 breast cancer lesions, selected from an initial cohort of 415 patients based on specific inclusion criteria. MRI scans were performed using a standardized protocol, and quantitative MRI signal measurements were extracted and analysed. Histopathological data-including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, and Ki-67 proliferation index-were also evaluated. Statistical analyses, including correlation and regression tests, were conducted to assess associations between MRI features and immunohistochemical biomarkers. RESULTS: Weak associations were observed between pre-contrast T1 signal intensity (SI) and ER expression, and between T2 SI and the Ki-67 proliferation index (Spearman’s ρ=-0.17 and 0.25, respectively); neither remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons nor after adjustment for within-patient lesion clustering. A more robust positive association was observed between the initial enhancement ratio (IER) and Ki-67 (ρ=0.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.57, p=0.001), which remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (corrected p=0.016) and in both a single-lesion-per-patient sensitivity analysis and a cluster-robust regression. CONCLUSION: The association between IER and Ki-67 remained statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons and after accounting for within-patient lesion clustering, suggesting that it may represent a comparatively robust exploratory imaging correlate of tumor proliferation. Associations involving T1 SI and T2 SI were weak and did not survive correction. These findings are preliminary and hypothesis-generating, underscoring the need for further studies with larger datasets to clarify the clinical relevance of quantitative MRI analysis in breast cancer evaluation.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), introduced in the early 1990s, has become a cornerstone of minimally invasive management for TMJ internal derangements; however, the scientific structure and evolution of research in this field have not been comprehensively evaluated. This study aimed to analyze the scientific development, research trends, and collaborative patterns in TMJ arthrocentesis using bibliometric methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 581 publications (1989-2024) were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analyses were performed using biblioshiny to evaluate publication trends, citation performance, leading authors, institutions, and journals. VOSviewer was employed to visualize author, institutional, and country collaboration networks, as well as article co-citation structures and keyword co-occurrence patterns, allowing the identification of influential research clusters and thematic evolution. RESULTS: The United States and the Karolinska Institute demonstrated the highest contributions at the national and institutional levels, respectively. Manfredini D. and Guarda-Nardini L. were the most prolific authors, with the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery as the primary publication venue. Common keywords included “arthrocentesis”, “temporomandibular joint”, and “temporomandibular joint disorders”. Bibliometric mapping revealed a temporal shift in thematic trends: whereas initial terms focused on mechanical concepts, regenerative agents such as “platelet-rich plasma” and “hyaluronic acid” showed increased co-occurrence density after 2020. CONCLUSION: Current trends indicate that arthrocentesis is evolving from a traditional irrigation-based technique into a regenerative therapeutic modality. This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of influential contributors, emerging topics, and evolving themes, offering guidance for clinicians and researchers seeking to advance the field.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this study, it was aimed to analyze the relationship between disease self-management and psychosocial adjustment of celiac patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was designed as descriptive and correlational. The data for the study were collected from 279 individuals with celiac disease between 25 July 2024 and 25 October 2024. In our study, the psychosocial adjustment levels of patients with celiac disease were evaluated with respect to various socio-demographic factors (such as gender, marital status, income level, and education level). RESULTS: Analyses indicated that female patients had worse psychosocial adjustment than male patients. Single patients had higher scores on the sub-dimensions of domestic environment and psychological distress than married patients. Participants who had another family member diagnosed with celiac disease demonstrated better healthcare orientation. Increasing age was associated with greater acceptance of chronic disease and better treatment compliance. The results reveal that factors such as gender, marital status, and income level are significant determinants of self-management and psychosocial adjustment among patients with celiac disease. CONCLUSION: To improve the psychological adaptation and self-management among patients with celiac disease, support programs should consider factors such as income, gender, marital status, and age. Financial support should be provided to cope with the economic burden of the diet, and educational programs should be organized not only for patients but also for their families so that they can be supportive in this process.
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant global public health issue. It is estimated that around 25% of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and TB remains one of the top causes of death worldwide. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) latest report indicates that in 2023, there were 10.8 million TB cases and 1.25 million TB-related deaths globally. That year, 8.2 million new TB cases were documented, representing an increase compared with previous years. Population movement is recognized as a significant factor affecting the epidemiology of TB. Migration has increasingly posed a global challenge in social, economic, and public health domains. By the close of 2024, around 118.6 million individuals worldwide had been forcibly displaced due to conflict, violence, persecution, or violations of human rights. Furthermore, the number of people internally displaced by conflict or violence rose by 10% from 2022 to 2023. Ongoing conflicts, economic inequality, and educational opportunities are anticipated to continue to drive migration in the years ahead. WHO underscores the necessity of global cooperation in the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of TB among migrants and refugees. Recently, our country has experienced an increase in migration driven by job and educational opportunities. While TB cases have decreased among the native population, there has been an uptick in cases among those born abroad. In light of global patterns and WHO guidelines, it is crucial to reevaluate and enhance our country’s TB screening strategies for immigrants within a robust public health framework.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome (ATTS) is an uncommon entrapment neuropathy of the deep peroneal nerve that is frequently overlooked in clinical practice. Prayer-related and ground-sitting postures, which are culturally common in Türkiye, may predispose individuals to this condition. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and electrophysiological features of asymptomatic ATTS identified incidentally during routine electromyography (EMG) examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 3,610 patients who underwent electrophysiological evaluation between January 2025 and February 2026 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with electrophysiological evidence of distal deep peroneal nerve involvement without ATTS-related symptoms were included. L5 radiculopathy, proximal peroneal neuropathy, and polyneuropathy with motor fiber involvement were excluded. RESULTS: Asymptomatic ATTS was identified in 21 patients (0.58%). The mean age was 56.1±11.9 years; 11 were female and 10 were male. All patients reported prolonged plantar-flexion postures, mainly prayer-related sitting habits (namaz), with a mean duration of 15 years. Ten patients had diabetes mellitus. On the affected side, mean extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) distal motor latency was 5.19±1.57 ms and mean compound muscle action potential amplitude was 1.04±0.52 mV, compared to 4.47±0.8 ms and 3.08±1.52 mV on the contralateral side. Tibialis anterior (TA) motor responses were normal bilaterally. Needle EMG demonstrated neurogenic changes confined to the EDB muscle in all patients. CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic ATTS may be encountered more frequently in EMG practice than is generally appreciated. Prayer-related and ground-sitting postures may predispose individuals to ATTS. Systematic electrophysiological evaluation, including TA recording and needle EMG, may reduce misdiagnosis of polyneuropathy or lumbosacral radiculopathy in daily practice.
