This study examines how research on ESG data quality, greenwashing and capital-market efficiency has evolved, with particular attention to the development of theory, geographic and contextual coverage, methodological choices and the integration of capital-market frictions. It asks: (i) how has the literature developed over time; (ii) to what extent are theoretical, contextual and methodological perspectives integrated; and (iii) which intersections remain underexplored for understanding ESG information and capital-market outcomes? To address these questions, the study synthesises 1472 Scopus-indexed journal articles published between 2015 and 2026 using bibliometric mapping and a Theory–Context–Characteristics–Methodology (TCCM) review. Titles and abstracts were coded using transparent, rule-based procedures supported by documented keyword dictionaries, cleaning rules and R code, with independent blind validation to assess coding reliability across theory, context and methodology categories. Five findings emerge. First, the field has expanded rapidly, progressing from a foundational phase (2015–2017) through a period of ESG rating divergence (2018–2021) to an ISSB/AI acceleration phase (2022–2026). Second, theoretical engagement remains limited; only 14.1
Tourism’s structural exposure to disruption has shifted business continuity from an operational concern to a strategic one. Yet, scholarship on the subject remains dispersed across resilience, crisis management, and dynamic capability discourses. This review asks how business continuity management (BCM) has been conceptualised and practised in tourism, which theoretical perspectives underpin that work, and which questions remain unresolved. Using the SPAR-4-SLR protocol, with PRISMA-guided screening, performance analysis, and NVivo-assisted thematic content analysis, the review examines 32 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2025. It identifies five thematic streams: strategic reconfiguration, human capital, digital substitution, informal survival logics, and sustainability-linked resource efficiency. Two arguments follow. First, BCM, resilience, and dynamic capabilities occupy distinct theoretical positions rather than interchangeable ones. Notably, BCM is better understood as continuity infrastructure, comprising formal systems, informal practices, human capital, and digital mechanisms, and as an antecedent to resilience rather than a synonym for it. Second, continuity is achieved through two different logics: (i) formal infrastructure in resource-rich organisations and social capital and (ii) psychological resilience in resource-constrained ones. As such, frameworks derived from large-firm settings cannot be generalised to the micro-enterprise and informal operators that constitute the majority of the sector. These arguments imply a two-tier approach to practice and policy, pairing formal continuity standards for larger enterprises with minimum viable resilience protocols for micro- and informal operators, and a research agenda centred on agility, longitudinal survival assessment, informal sector standardisation, techno-human balance, and sustainability as a financial buffer.
Decision-making styles are typically measured using self-reported methods, which vary in terms of the number, names, and descriptions of styles. This variation can complicate the inference of results across studies that use different instruments. The current study aims to examine the similarities and differences between three of the most commonly used instruments—the General Decision-Making Styles, Melbourne Decision-Making Inventory and Rational-Experiential Inventory—on a sample of 466 Slovak adults. Three groups of styles (rational, intuitive and maladaptive) were hypothesized and confirmed by the correlation analysis, with moderate associations found between similarly described styles. However, the factor analysis at both the style and item level suggests that in some cases, very similar names and descriptions are used for slightly different constructs and that particular items in certain styles can be explained by different factors. The results highlight the importance of not only examining the style description but more specific characteristics should also be considered in the process of generalizing findings of past studies and generating hypotheses to future research.
This article develops a fuzzy portfolio economic production quantity (EPQ) model with the effect of the time value of money. First of all, we construct a nonlinear crisp bi-objective (profit maximization and inflation minimization) mathematical problem with the effect of inflation over time on the unit selling price and all cost components explicitly. Initially, the bi-objective problem is solved with the help of the global criterion method. However, due to the uncertain nature of the demand rate and the production rate, they are assumed to be triangular fuzzy numbers. Then we construct two nonlinear power membership functions of portfolio return and portfolio risk with respect to the profit and cost deviation functions to form a fuzzy portfolio model of a single-objective function of profit maximization problem under the optimum cycle time, optimum production run time, portfolio risk and return variables subject to some constraints. The fuzzy problems are solved to achieve the highest aspiration level and some other design variables. A case study has been analyzed for numerical illustrations and comparative analysis to validate the model. Comparative analysis reveals that the fuzzy portfolio approach gives + 21.78
This paper investigates whether insider purchase transactions convey incremental, value-relevant information to the Indian equity market. Using a large sample of high-value insider purchases disclosed under SEBI’s PIT Regulations, we conduct an event-study analysis over 30-, 60-, and 90-day post-disclosure windows. The results show economically meaningful and statistically significant positive abnormal returns, with a 90-day CAAR of 6.67
