Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent subtype of thyroid carcinoma, with its incidence increasing globally. However, large-scale research data on the morphological characteristics of PTC accompanied by ETV6::NTRK3 gene rearrangement remain limited. We collected seven PTC samples with ETV6::NTRK3 gene fusion, all of which underwent both histopathological and cytopathological examinations. The morphological and clinicopathological features of these cases were further analyzed and characterized. The mean age in this study was 33 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 6:1. Lesions were more frequently located in the right lobe (71.43
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) represents the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Although the majority of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients have a favorable prognosis, a considerable proportion experience tumor relapse. Therefore, clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying PTC development is necessary to identify novel diagnostic and therapeutic markers. NOTCH and WNT signaling pathways have pivotal roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and tumor progression in PTC. MAML1 and PYGO2 act as transcriptional co-activators within the NOTCH and WNT pathways, respectively. In the present study, we investigated the probable association between MAML1 and PYGO2 expression levels and the clinicopathological characteristics of PTC patients. Sixty paraffin-embedded PTC tumors and corresponding normal tissues were collected to assess the levels of MAML1 and PYGO2 mRNA expressions using the real time-PCR method. Early stage (I/II) tumors had significant higher levels of PYGO2 expressions compared with advanced tumor stages (III/IV) in PTC patients (p = 0.04). PTC tumors with extra thyroidal invasion had also significant lower levels of PYGO2 expressions compared with tumors without invasion (p = 0.034). Early stage (I/II) tumors had significant MAML1 up regulations in comparison with advanced stage (III/IV) tumors (p = 0.038). A significant correlation was observed between MAML1 expression and focality among female PTC patients (p = 0.025). There was also a significant direct correlation between the levels of MAML1 and PYGO2 expressions in PTC patients (p = 0.013). It seems that MAML1 and PYGO2 are involved in the early stages of PTC development and can be introduced as the early stage diagnostic markers among PTC patients.
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a major driver of chronic gastritis and is strongly associated with the development of preneoplastic lesions and gastric cancer. The host immune response, including both activation and regulatory mechanisms, plays a critical role in disease progression and tissue damage. To characterize the quantitative profile of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils in gastric biopsies with and without HP infection using digital quantitative pathology. A cross-sectional analytical observational study included 154 patients with gastric biopsy specimens classified as HP -positive or negative. Dual immunohistochemistry was performed for CD4/CD8, CD20, and MPO, with HP immunohistochemistry used as part of infection assessment. Whole-slide images were digitized and analyzed in QuPath for automated cell quantification. A multivariable logistic regression model was applied with HP status as the dependent variable. A total of 154 patients were included, of whom 76 were HP-positive. In multivariable analysis, activity (neutrophilic infiltration) (OR: 28.5; 95
To determine whether clinical referral pathways exhibit distinct preanalytical risk profiles that could complement conventional laboratory-wide quality assessment in surgical pathology. We conducted a retrospective observational study of prospectively recorded preanalytical non-conformities in a tertiary academic pathology department between 2019 and 2024. Pathology requests underwent systematic conformity assessment at reception and were classified into predefined clinical referral pathways according to specimen acquisition workflow. Non-conformity incidence per 1,000 requests was analysed using negative binomial regression, and pathway-specific profiles were explored by hierarchical clustering. Among 68,274 pathology requests analysed over five complete years, 10,421 (15.3
Ki-67 is a cellular proliferation marker with an established prognostic role in several types of human tumors, whereas its prognostic significance in colorectal cancer remains uncertain. We assessed its prognostic value in an independent retrospective cohort of patients with non-metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression, both in the overall cohort and stratified according to adjuvant therapy. Among 207 cases, 132 (63.8
