At the origin of this phenomenon which does not cease to take disturbing proportions there are several factors. First the existence of internal trouble among the States and armed conflict for which Africa is evermore the theater. In fact if in the 60s which coincided with the era of independence for Francophone and Anglophone African countries there were not except in the isolated instances violent confrontations between the colonial powers and their territories the same was not the true with respect to the Portuguese colonies of Angola Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau. Consequently during the wars of liberation one portion of the populations in these territories took refuge in Zaire Congo Senegal... Now it is the turn for Namibia Rhodesia and the Western Sahara. Internal troubles? These are clearly the former Katangais gendarmes or their sons supported by new elements hostile to President Mobutu for ideological reasons which are making every possible effort to topple the Kinshasa government. Another factor: the fear of being victims of persecution due to a blind and basic tribalism. In Rwanda where two ethnicities the Hutu (90% of the population) and the Tutsi (9%) are battling for power the rise to power of one is reflected by the flight of men women and children of the other towards neighboring countries or by their pure and simple massacre. (excerpt)
