Digital twins, increasingly pivotal in simulating and managing complex systems, require efficient patterns for interaction and operation across diverse domains. This paper proposes a set of patterns to address the challenges posed by divergent views and input requirements among stakeholders, operators, and simulation systems. Specifically, the Liaison Management Pattern facilitates mapping and communication between varied perspectives, while the Translator Service Pattern ensures seamless translation of commands and actions across differing simulation models. Additionally, a Measurement Execution Pattern decouples the measurement and analysis processes, enabling enhanced error handling and modularity. The proposed patterns draw on principles from established systems such as Bluesky, control frameworks, and declarative configurations, ensuring adaptability and reliability. These patterns aim to streamline the integration and functionality of digital twins across application domains, improving efficiency and reducing system complexity .
Large systems have many interacting parts, either internally or third-party. When designing their interactions in view of the evolution of the architecture, the cascading changes or the tight coupling pose as challenges. An alternative to overcome them is to promote service reusability. This work builds on top of an existing collection of patterns with the same goal. The four patterns presented instruct to (i) Mediate with Metadata, (ii) Flexibilize the Return, (iii) Consume as Plug-and-Play, and (iv) Proxy the Plugin. Furthermore, we encompass the four new patterns, and the 8 previous ones in a navigation map to support the progressive adoption of the pattern language.
While backend integration is well understood, structured knowledge on frontend integration remains limited. Modern web applications increasingly require late-bound integration at the UI level to enable independent evolution, reduce deployment dependencies, and support modular architectures. Unlike backend integration, frontend integration allows composing user-facing components without prior coordination on data structures or API contracts. This paper defines key concepts such as backend runtime, frontend runtime, and web infrastructure before introducing a taxonomy of six frontend integration patterns: Navigate with Hyperlinks, Embed in Isolated Frames, Transclude Content, Compose with Self-Contained Components, Plug-in Modules, and Preserve Return URIs. By documenting these patterns, we provide a structured approach to designing scalable, maintainable, and loosely coupled frontend architectures.
While the concept and advantages of a Learning Organization (Senge, 1990, de Geus 1997) has been recognized for over 30 years building one remains difficult. In this paper the authors describe some of these problems and potential solutions as several patterns. The authors combine their own experiences with reports from elsewhere with the aim of enhancing organizational learning and building a learning organization.
The shift from monolithic to microservice architecture and cloud infrastructure often makes traditional session-based Identity and Access Management Systems (IAM) inadequate. This paper explores token-based authentication as a solution, using tokens as dynamic credentials to enhance security and scalability. Token-based systems separate authentication and authorization, enabling stateless communication and reducing reliance on centralized session storage. The paper discusses benefits and liabilities of Token-Based Identity And Access Management using the Pattern format. It is targeted at software architects and decision makers to enable them to decide between a traditional session-based solution and a token-based approach.
