In most manufacturing companies, supply chain management (SCM) has been successfully utilized to reduce costs, reduce risk, and improve customer satisfaction. Typical SCM approaches are the cost-focused just-in-time (JIT) approach and the risk-focused just-in-sequence (JIS) approach. Despite some successes, these two SCM approaches have suffered from ad hoc mismanagement and frequent failure due to high costs and uncontrolled risks. This paper proposes a new SCM approach, decentralized SCM, which incorporates multi-core tiers and platform commonization. To prove its validity, we have implemented a multi-agent simulation (MAS) platform named MASSOP (Multi-Agent Simulation-based SCM Optimization Platform) in which a general Bayesian network (GBN) is used to build an intelligent inference mechanism to predict sales and then feed this information back into the MAS engine to optimize SCM by reducing risk and cost. Using a data set compiled over the course of 40 years by an automobile manufacturing company as the basis for preparing the initial parameters for the MAS, MASSOP was built using Repast Simphony and then tested. The results were promising, robust, and statistically valid when compared with JIT and JIS.
Image pre-processing and feature extraction techniques are mandatory for any image based applications. The accuracy and convergence rate of such techniques must be significantly high in order to ensure the success of the subsequent steps. But, most of the time, the significance of these techniques remain unnoticed which results in inferior results. In this work, the importance of such approaches is highlighted in the context of Magnetic Resonance (MR) brain image classification and segmentation. In this work, suitable pre-processing techniques are developed to remove the skull portion surrounding the brain tissues. Also, texture based feature extraction techniques are also illustrated in this paper. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of segmentation efficiency for pre-processing and distance measure for feature extraction techniques. The convergence rate of these approaches is also discussed in this work. Experimental results show promising results for the proposed approaches.
Defense-in-Depth (DID) is a crucial concept for the cyber security of computer systems. The strategies for DID have been suggested in many researches. In this work, a DID strategy is proposed for smart service servers in more concrete manner. We tried to find out the special features in applying DID concept to nuclear industry cyber security. To do this, we assigned cyber security levels to a typical digital I&C system using the DID concept in nuclear industry cyber security. Based on the lessons learned from the security level assignment case study, we could set up a DID strategy for smart service servers. The main strategy for smart service server security is an n-tier and 'thin' server architecture which is based on the DID concept. This work is expected to be very useful in applying the concept of DID to smart service industry with respect to cyber security.
Mastering, a form of audio post-production, is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing the final mix to a data storage device (the master); the source from which all copies will be produced (via methods such as pressing, duplication or replication). Recently, the format choice includes using digital masters although analog masters, such as audio tapes, are still being used by the manufacturing industry and by a few engineers who have chosen to specialize in analog mastering. In order to make a deterministic process, mastering requires critical listening; there are software mastering tools available to facilitate this last step, but results still depend upon the accuracy of speaker monitors. In addition, "music mastering" engineers may also need to apply corrective equalization and dynamic enhancement in order to improve upon sound translation on all playback systems. This paper gives an overview of the audio mastering process and the various techniques used in it.
In this paper, we propose an efficient access point (AP) selection scheme for wireless multi-hop networks. Some previous IEEE 802.11 studies have used multi-hop techniques to solve the shadow region and to cover the wide region in the area where the AP is deployed. However, users employing these techniques are unable to determine which AP is more efficient among the number of APs in the wireless multi-hop networks. In addition, it is very difficult to capture the status of the current channel using only the received signal strength indication (RSSI) in the existing AP selection scheme. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new AP selection algorithm with the hop count for wireless multi-hop networks. We built a wireless distributed system (WDS) that can be easily constructed as a wireless multi-hop network without expert knowledge. Then, we measured the throughput and evaluated the performance of our AP selection scheme in UDP Downlink and UDP Uplink. Based on the results of our measurements, our AP selection scheme can increase the performance of all stations in wireless multi-hop networks.
Propagation analysis of the transmitting and receiving environment is important for designing satellite communication systems. The satellite signal passes though the atmospheric layer and is affected by the resulting attenuation. Therefore, systematic analyses of the atmospheric characteristics and the receiving environment are needed. This study examined the propagation characteristics of a geostationary satellite using the Ka band. The atmospheric characteristics of the Ka band were analyzed, and the urban environment was modeled. A range of receiving environments was analyzed. The results of this paper are expected to assist in the design of satellite mobile communication systems in the Ka-band.
The spreading use of Smartphones stimulates growth of mobile computing. However, mobile computing through smartphones poses challenges due to its intrinsic nature of battery capacity, constraints of wireless networks and device limitation. In this research, we provide the analysis of smartphone power dissipation under two different point of views, usage scenarios and smartphone components. In general, smartphones have various components. We develop a queuing model for power analysis so that we can analyze the power dissipation on different components, and analyze battery lifetime with different usage behaviors.
This study would like to present memory as a new cultural content through the definition of testimonial literature. In particular, by composing the already established catalogue of testimonial literature, this discussion presents the new concept that memory can serve as new content. This study also pursues an in-depth study on "testimony in literature" that has not been covered in Korean literary circles until now. Actually, "testimonial literature", unfamiliar to Korean academic circles, is not a subject that is briskly addressed by French humanities as well as by scholars in the other countries. A theme of "testimony and literature" just recently appeared in some global websites of humanities like "H-net". Accordingly, we have a great ambition to lead a new trend of humanities in the world through the project.
E-Government system performance must be measured by an exporting company prior to implementation in other countries. However, it is extremely difficult to perform this task due to the existence of a large number of factors to consider and analyze. The motivation of this study was to propose a new method to reduce this difficulty in measuring e-Government system performance. We adopted a cognitive mapping approach for this purpose, where a set of relevant factors that affect e-Government system performance were collected and the causal relationships among them were identified and analyzed to investigate the equilibrium results given certain input conditions. The e-Government system used for handling intellectual property in South Korea was used as a test-bed. Experiment results revealed that cognitive mapping simulation can yield statistically sound and practically rich results.
Biometrics has become as one of the most promising technologies over the last few decades. This technique uses a person’s physiological or behavioral characteristics (such as fingerprint, face, iris or voice) to identify an individual. Many researches show that multimodal biometric techniques which combine more than two biometric technologies provides better performance than unimodal one since they use two or more physiological or behavioral characteristics. Therefore, the multimodal biometrics has vividly researched recently. In this paper, we provide a review of multimodal biometric techniques. In addition, we discuss fusion of biometrics and various fusion scenarios that are feasible in multimodal biometric systems. Experimental results showed that the multimodal biometric system based on face and both irises outperformed compared to the unimodal biometric system. Finally, we discuss about some applications for smart TV environment based on multimodal biometric technologies.
Hierarchical and graph data structures are common in practical application development. In order to query such data, one can use SQL:1999 recursive queries based on Common Table Expressions. Nowadays, numerous relational database management systems implement them. However, some popular systems, e.g. MySQL, still lack this useful feature. In this paper we show three methods to circumvent this situation: (1) the direct loop, (2) horizontal unrolling and (3) vertical unrolling. We analyze them and present a report on tests of their efficiency. We also describe our implementation of these methods as a prototype extension to Hibernate, a major object-relational mapping system. This extension allows running SQL:1999 recursive queries directly from an application code, even when the underlying DBMS does not support them.
Future ships at sea would need broad and stable data communication system like that on land. Current satellite and RF media do not satisfy the needs of communications due to high costs and low bandwidth respectively. In this paper, we introduce an AIS (Automatic Identification System)-based ad-hoc network model and an AIS-based ad-hoc routing protocol (AAR) which can enhance ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore data communications environments remarkably. We also show through simulated results by QualNet that AAR offers better performance in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay and packet loss ratio than the conventional ad-hoc routing protocols such as AODV and LAR.
Enhancing depth perception accuracy in virtual environments is important and an active ongoing area of study. This research examines the impact of a variety of depth cues on depth perception accuracy in minimized virtual environments. For this study, we developed an application that applies various graphics techniques selectively onto 3D terrain maps. An experimental study was conducted using a one-wall 3D projection system to measure the impact of depth cues and graphical effects on depth perception accuracy. The experimental results showed a tendency of depth overestimation in minimized virtual environments. It also suggests research directions for investigating the influence of depth cues objectively on virtual spaces.
Microbeads of various size with complex core-shell structures are widely used in many applications such as drug delivery. During synthesis, it is important to characterize the beads' size such that uniform properties can be obtained from uniform size. The core-shell structures can be imaged with SEM (scanning electron microscope) or TEM (transmission electron microscope) but there are no available methods to quantitatively analyze the size and distribution automatically. In this paper, we propose two automated core-shell detection methods using Hough transform and generalized Hough transform. We show the capabilities of these methods using OpenCV and compare the relative advantages and limitations.
The MapReduce framework is increasingly being used to process and analyze large-scale datasets over large clusters. Join operation using MapReduce is an attractive point to which researchers have been paying attention in recent years. The distributed join based on the bloom filter has been proved to be a successful technique to improve the efficiency. However, the full potential of the bloom filter has not been fully exploited, especially in the MapReduce environment. In this paper, we present several strategies to build the bloom filter for the large dataset using MapReduce, compare some bloom-join algorithms and point out how to improve the performance of two-way and multi-way joins. The experiments we conduct show that our method is feasible and effective.
We propose an authoring tool for online 3D GIS system in which LoD and multi-level mapping technique were introduced. A new LoD technique is proposed here to join the polygons on the boundaries between the two parts with different sampling rates. To provide 3D GIS information with high definition in online, optimization strategy is indispensible for controlling CPU sharing process and memory effectively. Semaphore algorithm for controlling threads is introduced to prevent from deadlock of process. The proposed system was designed to use as an authoring tool, so that this system assembles the terrain data and image as the standardized squared blocks. Hence any other area can be transformed to 3D GIS system easily if the terrain data and images of the area are divided as the squared blocks with the determined order and criteria of the blocks. The determined order and criteria of the blocks can be stored by user as a text file. JAVA and JWS was selected to implement this system instead of C language for online service to exclude Active-X control.
Based on spherical parameterization, in this paper, we put forward a smooth morphing algorithm for point-sampled geometry (PSG). Source and target PSG are first parameterized onto a unit sphere, respectively. After aligning the feature point-pairs on the two unit spheres, they are merged into a single sphere and based on it, the correspondence relation is constructed. We then use Laplacian coordinate to nonlinearly interpolate the shapes and the intermediated shapes are up-sampled using the moving least squares scheme. Experiment results demonstrate that our algorithm can generate natural intermediated shapes and visually smooth morphing sequences.
The spread of the smart device has led collaborative technologies to valuable applications in developing educational content. Many electronic textbooks provide basic annotation features like sharable bookmarks, notes, highlighting and underlining. These user activities contain important information in the view of education such as user knowledge and students’ learning style. In this paper, we proposed annotation-content learning model to analyze learner’s annotating behavior on electronic textbooks. Based on the model, we also developed similarity algorithms to find other notes created by students who have similar learning style. The purpose of the proposed system is to encourage students to have their own online communities using smart tablets to pool their knowledge and share ideas and experiences. We also presented the evaluation indicating that the system improved students’ knowledge significantly.
This paper describes how to design a Encription circuit Based on GF(24) field arithmatic. The New Multiplier circuit is compared with the binary multiplier and finding that the Galois multiplier is much faster and more economical are. Since the new endecripting circuit is much more simple than the classical design, the amount of computing for the en/decrypting algorithms is also greately reduced. We show the encryption and decription process using galois field computation in contrast to the classical en/decrypting process.
This study drew user sensibility experience causes in the three dimensions of usability, perception and stimulation from smart-phone users who do not have use experience of I-Phone 4 or Galaxy S2. There were 10 cause factors that have impact on the sensibility experience of smart-phone users. They were; usefulness, ease of use, shortening capability, intuitive, orderly, similarity, aesthetic, difference, sensibility and fun. Among them, six causes had significant differences between the users of I-Phone 4 and Galaxy S2. These six causes were; usefulness, ease of use, intuitive, orderly, aesthetic and sensibility. Galaxy S2 received higher evaluation in usefulness, ease of use and sensibility. On the other hand, I-Phone received higher evaluation in intuitive, orderly and aesthetic.
