The growing need for highly reliable and efficient power supply of renewable energy resources and new sizeable loads necessitated novel ways to transfer electric power between them. In the current configuration, transformers are passive devices that do not enable dc systems to connect of interface the electric grid with other energy grids. With the growth of power devices and power electronic converters, direct current transmission and distribution systems using medium or high voltage provide power flow control between various energy networks. This talk would highlight power electronics technologies for the highly reliable dc transmission and distribution systems. Various configurations of solid-state transformer (SST) would be introduced especially modular multi-cell power converters among the configurations. Special focuses are paid on two different modulation strategies for reducing power losses and providing tolerant ability of switching device failures in modular multilevel converters. 2019 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON) 8 S1-1: Power Quality Room: Ball Room Karaton Time: 13:00 14:00 13:00 The 9-150 kHz Disturbance Characteristics of a Grid-connected Rooftop Photovoltaic System Gusdhi Rhazhya Ramadhan and Budi Sudiarto (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia) Abstract: The usage of renewable energy is increasing in many countries, Indonesia included. This spike of interest is supported by its environmental-friendly nature and the fact that it is one of the most effective ways to combat global warming. Solar power plants are electricity generators with the ability to convert solar energy to electricity by using solar panels.However, solar power plants are indubitably dependent on solar energy, which can cause a fluctuation of output because solar energy is affected by weather and the cloud's condition.Generally, solar power plants have a power electronics component called an inverter. Inverters are used to convert the output of solar panels, the direct current (DC), to alternating current (AC). The usage of power electronics such as inverters plus the fluctuation of the solar panel commonly cause disturbances .Inverters usually have a switching rate higher than 1 kHz, which can cause disturbance in the range of 9-150 kHz throughout the whole system.However, there is little to none standardization regarding how much emission it is allowed to radiate at the 9-150Khz. With the aforementioned concerns in mind, this writing discusses research regarding the characteristics of disturbance on the 9-150Khz frequency on the On-Grid solar power plants located at SPBU Kuningan .Measurement is done on the output side of the solar inverter. The results of research shows that the disturbance produced remains constant in correlation with changes in irradiance or power, however the disturbance produced increases as the power output changes during a short interval. The usage of renewable energy is increasing in many countries, Indonesia included. This spike of interest is supported by its environmental-friendly nature and the fact that it is one of the most effective ways to combat global warming. Solar power plants are electricity generators with the ability to convert solar energy to electricity by using solar panels.However, solar power plants are indubitably dependent on solar energy, which can cause a fluctuation of output because solar energy is affected by weather and the cloud's condition.Generally, solar power plants have a power electronics component called an inverter. Inverters are used to convert the output of solar panels, the direct current (DC), to alternating current (AC). The usage of power electronics such as inverters plus the fluctuation of the solar panel commonly cause disturbances .Inverters usually have a switching rate higher than 1 kHz, which can cause disturbance in the range of 9-150 kHz throughout the whole system.However, there is little to none standardization regarding how much emission it is allowed to radiate at the 9-150Khz. With the aforementioned concerns in mind, this writing discusses research regarding the characteristics of disturbance on the 9-150Khz frequency on the On-Grid solar power plants located at SPBU Kuningan .Measurement is done on the output side of the solar inverter. The results of research shows that the disturbance produced remains constant in correlation with changes in irradiance or power, however the disturbance produced increases as the power output changes during a short interval. 13:20 Implementation Modified PQ in Single-Phase Harmonic Reduction Using Hybrid Shunt Active Power Filter with Hysteresis Control: Asep Andang (Siliwangi University, Indonesia); Nurul Hiron (University of Siliwangi & UNSIL, Indonesia); Eka Priatna (Siliwangi University, Indonesia) Abstract: The development of the use of nonlinear loads in electric power systems today is due to the extensive use of electronics in equipment in everyday life, resulting in more significant harmonic waves being produced so that it affects the quality of the power system. The harmonic reduction has been made since harmonics are existing in the network starting by using a passive filter then active, and the last is a hybrid filter. In this study will be discussed the use of passive filters connected to the network and shunt connected with active filters (HAPF). The active power filter control is carried out using the hysteresis control to switch the inverter while the use of the modified PQ model is implemented to produce a reference current based on a decomposition of a single phase load current. From the results of the simulation model, there is a decrease in harmonics to 1.45% for inductive nonlinear loads and 1.46% for complex nonlinear loads The development of the use of nonlinear loads in electric power systems today is due to the extensive use of electronics in equipment in everyday life, resulting in more significant harmonic waves being produced so that it affects the quality of the power system. The harmonic reduction has been made since harmonics are existing in the network starting by using a passive filter then active, and the last is a hybrid filter. In this study will be discussed the use of passive filters connected to the network and shunt connected with active filters (HAPF). The active power filter control is carried out using the hysteresis control to switch the inverter while the use of the modified PQ model is implemented to produce a reference current based on a decomposition of a single phase load current. From the results of the simulation model, there is a decrease in harmonics to 1.45% for inductive nonlinear loads and 1.46% for complex nonlinear loads 13:40 An Automatic Single Phase Power Factor Compensator Using Fuzzy and Gain Scheduling Gentri Adiningtyas and Novita Siti Lestari (Diponegoro University, Indonesia) Abstract: Power quality has been much concern of many researchers these days. Power factor compensator is the main topic of this research, as it is can be alternative for increasing efficiency of power quality. Power factor (cos φ) value equal or close to 1 categorized as a good power quality. In this research, an automatic power factor compensator with various capacitor values is proposed. Fuzzy logic controller and gain scheduling are applied, in order to control power factor value maximally. Capacitor value that required can be obtained from control system of the plant. Then, some capacitors will be activated with an algorithm. The software is embedded in low-cost microcontroller which will activate specific capacitor variables as the system needed. In the end of this paper is provided data of prototype performance. Already proved, prototype can compensate power factor quality of the grid. Power quality has been much concern of many researchers these days. Power factor compensator is the main topic of this research, as it is can be alternative for increasing efficiency of power quality. Power factor (cos φ) value equal or close to 1 categorized as a good power quality. In this research, an automatic power factor compensator with various capacitor values is proposed. Fuzzy logic controller and gain scheduling are applied, in order to control power factor value maximally. Capacitor value that required can be obtained from control system of the plant. Then, some capacitors will be activated with an algorithm. The software is embedded in low-cost microcontroller which will activate specific capacitor variables as the system needed. In the end of this paper is provided data of prototype performance. Already proved, prototype can compensate power factor quality of the grid. S2-1: Control of Power Electronics 1 Room: Pemandengan 1 Time: 13:00 14:00 13:00 Modelling and Design of a Current Controller for Light Rail Regenerative Inverter System Chuen Ling Toh and Muhammad Hairi Zainol Hilmi (Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia); Pei Cheng Ooi (The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Malaysia) Abstract: Three phase voltage source inverter has been proposed to transfer the braking energy of a light rail vehicle back to the utility grid. This solution saves cost in purchasing large number of energy storage modules. However, it raises some concerns on power grid integrity, such as harmonics distortion. Therefore passive filters are normally added to mitigate the harmonics. This paper proposes a grid current controller to minimize the needs of ac filters. The proposed PI controller is stable and shows good dynamic response with the settling time measured at 3.49 ms. In addition, sinusoidal grid currents are produced successfully. The total harmonics distortion index for the grid current is measured at 2.61%. Three phase voltage source inverter has been proposed to transfer the braking energy of a light rail vehicle back to the utility grid. This solution saves cost in purchasing large number of energy storage modules. However, it raises some concerns on power grid
This paper presents the development of multiple-input single-output converter (MISO) with uneven load sharing controller. The premise of this study is to create uneven load current sharing between the converters at different loading conditions in order to maximize the efficiency of the overall MISO converter. The goal is to find a proper ratio of current from each converter to the total load current to achieve the greatest efficiency. The design and operation of the converter was tested and verified through simulation and hardware implementation. Different ratios of current from each converter were used to fully test the MISO converter. For the 5A and 6A load current, the maximum efficiencies were reached with the 70%/30% ratio case, with efficiencies of 94.91% and 95.07%, respectively. For 7A load current, the maximum efficiency was reached with the 60%/40% ratio case, with an efficiency of 94.59%. Results also demonstrate that the efficiency of the unequal current sharing outperforms that obtained from the equal current sharing method.
Technology advancement is currently rising at a rapid rate. This increases the demands for digital electronics industry in Malaysia. However, there is one issue when it comes to electronics, it is susceptible to power disturbance. Power disturbance can be categorized into six types which are transients, interruptions, undervoltage, overvoltage, waveform distortion and voltage fluctuations. In this study, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) using double-conversion technique is presented due to its ability to provide adequate power conditioning and backup power in power disturbance situation. The simulation and designing of the converters such as rectifier, boost converter and inverter are presented using the MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results showed that the UPS system was able to provide a continuous power supply with acceptable THD levels.
Electric vehicles generally use a permanent magnet DC motor (PMDC). An example of an electric vehicle using PMDC is the electric scooter. The PI Controller to control the electric scooter scheme has a cascade configuration. The common problem in implementing a PI cascade controller is that the gain does not match the increasing error value in some conditions. There is also a case where a cascaded PI control method uses fuzzy logic controller, commonly called fuzzy gain scheduling. The addition of fuzzy gain scheduling on the PI speed controller shows that the speed graph response of the PMDC is better than the speed response without fuzzy gain scheduling. This method can give a good performance.
A direct-drive system with a permanent magnet linear generator has been an attractive solution for wave energy converter devices. Exploiting the reciprocating movement of wave motion has enabled the application of linear generators to wave energy converter devices. This paper presents the computational simulation of the Permanent Magnet Linear Generator design for a point absorber wave energy converter. The electromagnetic analysis was done using the Finite Element Analysis software, ANSYS. With this analysis, results on the flux distribution, air gap flux density and open-circuit results of the proposed design were gathered. A lab-scale device was constructed to validate a simple version of a single-phase linear generator design. A comparative study of both simulation and experimental results of the linear generator was carried out. Based on the results, the percentage error between simulation and experimental obtained was acceptable. To maximize power generation, an improved version of the linear generator based on an actual ocean profile was proposed.
