We propose an extended all-photonics networks (APN) architecture to realize plug-and-play, end-to-end optical multicast in metro access-converged all-photonics networks. The architecture augments the APN access node configuration by adding an in-node optical splitter to a disaggregated Photonic Gateway (GW), enabling in-node optical duplication; it also introduces a point-to-multipoint optical-connection management method that partitions a multicast path at the splitter into multiple point-to-point segments. A prototype Photonic GW and APN controller automatically establishes 100-Gb/s one-to-two optical multicast, confirming the proposal's feasibility.
This letter proposes a dictionary-coherence-based continuous spectrum for off-grid Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) multi-correlator outputs. The proposed method suppresses overestimation of the number of signals by distributing the estimated power over the continuous parameter space according to dictionary-coherence. Simulation results show that the proposed method improves the correct number estimation ratio from 0% to 70.0% in the 2-signal case and maintains higher number estimation performance over a wider range of delay grid intervals than the conventional method.
This letter presents the implementation and experimental evaluation of zero-forcing null-space expansion (ZF-NSE) beamforming on a 28 GHz amplify-and-forward (AF) repeater prototype. In dense millimeter-wave networks, severe interference necessitates beamforming schemes capable of forming deep spatial nulls. In contrast to conventional analog repeaters constrained to phase-only control, the developed prototype features per-element independent amplitude and phase control capabilities. To improve robustness against null misalignment caused by repeater installation errors in practical environments, this paper proposes angle of departure (AoD)-based ZF-NSE. Measurement results in an anechoic chamber demonstrate that ZF-NSE achieves superior interference suppression compared to conventional ZF. Furthermore, the broadened nulls ensure robustness against angular mismatches caused by hardware imperfections and installation errors in practical deployments.
In industrial Wi-Fi networks, maintaining low latency and high reliability during roaming is important. Explicit modeling of delay and reliability can provide more accurate and interpretable support for roaming decisions, whereas existing methods typically rely on indirect metrics or global network information. This paper proposes a Wi-Fi 7 Multi-Link Operation (MLO) medium access control (MAC)-layer delay and packet error rate (PER) modeling method based on locally available network-state information. By combining channel utilization (CU) and the number of competing nodes under the distributed coordination function (DCF) mechanism, analytical expressions for access delay and PER are derived. Based on this, single-link (SL), redundant (RD), and load-balancing (LB) transmission strategies are modeled, and MAC-layer service delay and PER are further analyzed. Simulation results show good agreement between the proposed model and ns-3 results in predicting delay and PER, providing effective support for low-latency and high-reliability roaming decisions.
This letter proposes a method of moments (MoM) that incorporates augmented boundary integral equations and a one-dimensional electromagnetic field model in the thickness direction of conductors to accurately determine the losses in conductors printed on dielectric substrates of arbitrary shape. Numerical examples involving a microstrip line and mutually coupled loops on a finite-size dielectric substrate demonstrated that the proposed MoM successfully captures the loss frequency characteristics across the low-to-high-frequency range.
