Abstract The One Health concept emphasizes the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health. Against this broad backdrop, bile acids (BAs), as central products of host‐microbiota co‐metabolism, act far beyond their classical role in lipid emulsification. This review systematically summarizes BA biosynthesis, enterohepatic circulation, and gut microbiota‐mediated metabolic modification. We highlight how gut microbiota‐derived secondary BAs and farnesoid X receptor and Takeda G protein‐coupled receptor 5‐mediated BA signaling together shape BA homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier integrity, and immune homeostasis. We further discuss how population diversity, circadian rhythm, diet, behavior, environmental exposure, and surgical interventions dynamically shape systemic BA profiles. Finally, from a One Health perspective, we highlight the translational potential of BA‐targeted strategies in hepatobiliary diseases, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative and retinal degenerative diseases, and intestinal infections, as well as their value in animal production as non‐antibiotic nutritional regulators. By improving animal health and reducing excessive drug use, residues, and risks of antimicrobial resistance at the source, BA‐based precision nutrition may contribute to food safety and ecosystem health. Overall, this review positions BAs as key molecular hubs in One Health, linking host metabolism, gut microbiota, immune regulation, and the integrated health of humans, animals, and ecosystems.
Abstract The artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven diet‐intestinal microbiota‐host health integration paradigm has emerged as a novel framework for advancing host health research. Intestinal microbiota serves as a key mediator linking dietary signals to host homeostasis, while AI enables efficient integration of multi‐omics data to construct microbial metabolic models, identify interaction patterns across biological scales, and support prediction‐informed modulation of diet‐microbiota interactions. This paradigm synergizes dietary intervention design, AI technology, intestinal microbiota modulation, and host health enhancement, offering innovative solutions for chronic disease management, animal health breeding, and food safety monitoring. In this review, we summarize the core mechanisms of the four‐dimensional interaction and the application value of AI‐driven informed optimization. This review also discusses the major challenges currently facing the field, including model interpretability, multi‐source data heterogeneity, and cross‐species translation, and further highlights that future research should focus on establishing interpretable and iterative AI‐driven closed‐loop systems. This integrated approach holds immense potential to revolutionize host wellness research and promote the development of nutritional health and related industries. Unlike existing diet‐microbiota‐host frameworks and AI‐assisted precision nutrition approaches that mainly focus on association analysis or outcome prediction, our proposed paradigm positions AI as an active coordination layer linking dietary inputs, microbial responses, and host outcomes. By integrating mechanism‐informed modeling with iterative feedback, this framework enables dynamic optimization of diet‐microbiota interactions and supports more precise host health regulation.
Abstract Conventional agricultural intensification has eroded the biological foundations of productive soil by disrupting the reciprocal interactions, plant‐soil feedback (PSF), through which plants actively shape and are continuously shaped by the soil microbiome. Although the molecular mechanisms governing PSF direction are increasingly well‐characterized, deliberate PSF management as a practical tool for resilient crop production remains underdeveloped. This is largely because no integrative framework has translated these ecological insights into state‐contingent, field‐deployable decision rules. This review addresses that gap by first synthesizing the molecular basis of microbiome assembly, encompassing host genetic control of root exudate chemistry, receptor‐mediated microbial recognition, and the bidirectional chemical dialogue between plant and rhizosphere. Building from this mechanistic foundation, we move beyond cataloging mechanisms to present a novel, integrative three‐pillar management framework for actively steering PSF. This framework operationalizes PSF management by strategically combining: (i) engineering the plant partner (leveraging genetics to recruit beneficial microbiomes), (ii) managing the soil habitat (using agronomic practices to engineer suppressive ecological legacies), and (iii) deploying advanced microbial consortia. Critically, we argue that the recent meta‐omics revolution, integrating metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics, is the enabling technology that transforms this framework from a conceptual model into a quantifiable, diagnosable, and agriculturally deployable system. Multi‐omics tools provide the empirical foundation for diagnosing soil feedback states, monitoring intervention outcomes, and building predictive models. By bridging the lab‐field gap and evaluating key translational challenges, this review provides a coherent, actionable roadmap for harnessing PSF to achieve cultivated resilience in modern agriculture.
