Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biopolymers bacteria under nutrient-limiting conditions. In this study, bacterial strains were isolated from hot springs. Soil samples were collected from Tatta Pani, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Bacterial strains AJ2 and AJ3 were selected due to their ability to produce PHAs and EPSs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain AJ2 was Micrococcus yunnanensis and AJ3 was Psychrobacter sp. Three carbon sources (glucose, glycerol, and molasses) were used for polymer production. The effect of high pH (8) and high temperature (55 °C) was checked on PHAs and EPSs production. The highest yield of PHAs was given by strain AJ3 (89.43%) with molasses. When grown at 55 °C for 24 hours, strain AJ3 showed the highest PHAs accumulation, 79% with glucose. At alkaline pH 8, strain AJ3 gave 34% PHAs with molasses. The highest EPSs production was observed for strain AJ3. AJ3 gave 70g/L of EPSs with both glucose and glycerol. The amplification of the phaC gene was done to confirm the genetic basis of PHAs production. FTIR analysis showed clear bands at 1722 cm-1 and 2925 cm-1 representing the carbonyl and alkyl groups of PHAs, respectively.
Abstract This study aims to determine the attributes and categories that are important in product development and its model to obtain appropriate design recommendations based on consumer preferences using Quantification Theory Type 1 (QTT1). The number of respondents involved was 250 respondents in Banjarnegara Regency who were selected on purposive sampling. Respondents were asked to rate the level of preference for 14 samples of chocolate tempe chips. The results of the identification of attributes and categories that affect preferences obtained seven attributes and 19 categories, namely shape attributes (round, square, triangle, and oval), thickness (thin and thick), size (large and medium), distinctive aroma (tempe, chocolate, and fruits), flavors (chocolate and variants), surface layers (glossy, sprinkles, sprinkles & chocolate, visible tempe surface & sprinkles), as well as coatings (chocolate compound coating and chocolate coating & sprinkles). Based on the data analysis, some recommendations for product development of chocolate tempe chips are: round, 0.15 mm thick, 8 cm wide, flavored and chocolatey, glossy coating with chocolate coating and sprinkles. Keywords: costumer’s preferences, product development model, tempe chocolate chips Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan atribut hingga kategori yang penting dalam pengembangan produk dan memodelkannya untuk memperoleh rekomendasi desain yang sesuai berdasarkan preferensi konsumen dengan menggunakan Quantification Theory Type 1 (QTT1). Jumlah respoden yang terlibat sebanyak 250 responden di Kabupaten Banjarnegara yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Responden diminta untuk menilai tingkat preferensi terhadap 14 sampel produk keripik tempe cokelat. Hasil identifikasi atribut dan kategori yang memengaruhi preferensi diperoleh 7 atribut dan 19 kategori, yaitu atribut bentuk (bulat, kotak, segitiga, dan oval), ketebalan (tipis dan tebal), lebar (besar dan sedang), aroma khas (tempe, cokelat, dan buah-buahan), rasa (cokelat dan varian), lapisan permukaan (mengkilap, taburan, taburan & cokelat, serta tempe terlihat & ada taburan), serta pelapis (coating compound cokelat dan coating cokelat & taburan). Analisis data menghasilkan rekomendasi pengembangan produk keripik tempe cokelat adalah berbentuk bulat, tebal 0,15 mm, lebar 8 cm, beraroma dan berasa cokelat, lapisannya mengkilap dengan bahan pelapis coating cokelat dan taburan. Kata kunci: keripik tempe cokelat, model pengembangan produk, preferensi konsumen
Quality is one inseparable attributes that should be noted in fulfilling consumers’ need and expectation. Each product must have certain advantages in order to be able to compete in the market. Customers’ loyalty is the key to sustainable quality improvement. CV X is a business unit located in Malang selling various snack souvenirs products from Malang. This souvenirs shop has become one of the main destinations for shopping snack souvenirs in Malang. Furthermore, jackfruit chips are one of the most popular fruit chips sold by CV X. The increasing popularity of jackfruit chips in the market will affect the quality expected by consumers. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is one of the most effective tools that can support a company or business unit by creating a response to consumer needs, explaining consumer’s demand toward certain products and determining any process needed to meet consumer’s expectations. The objective of this study is to analyze several attributes that affect consumer satisfaction on jackfruit chips produced by CV X. The results of this study suggest that a product with stable volume is in the first place with the value of 7. Meanwhile, from the data analyzed with Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) Analysis, the result indicates that the product value is on the S-O position, with specific indicators of having a competitive price and market leader.
Abstrak Pada umumnya, pasta tomat diproduksi menggunakan bahan dasar tomat yang ditambahkan dengan bahan pengisi, seperti carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Salah satu alternatif pengganti penggunaan CMC sebagai bahan pengisi adalah bahan pengisi alami seperti pepaya. Pepaya dapat dipakai sebagai bahan pencampur pembuatan pasta tomat karena kandungan total padatannya relatif hampir sama dengan total padatan tomat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasta tomat dengan penambahan pepaya sebagai bahan pengisinya. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan komposisi tomat dan pepaya (perbandingan tomat dan pepaya sebanyak 1:0 (kontrol), 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, dan 6:1). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak lima kali. Variabel pengamatan pada penelitian adalah rendemen, total padatan terlarut, pH, total asam, vitamin C, dan uji organoleptik. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan pada taraf nyata 5% (α = 0,05) menggunakan paket program SPSS 21.0 Statistic Software. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pepaya dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi pada pasta tomat. Penambahan buah pepaya dapat meningkatkan rendemen, total padatan terlarut, total asam, dan kandungan vitamin C pada pasta tomat. Penambahan buah pepaya sampai dengan 50% (komposisi tomat:pepaya sebanyak 2:1) menghasilkan pasta tomat yang stabil dan dapat diterima oleh konsumen. Kata kunci: karakteristik, pasta, pengisi, pepaya, tomat Abstract Generally, tomato paste is produced using tomato as raw material ingredients added with fillers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Another alternative to change CMC as filler is the use of natural fillers, such as papaya. Papaya could be used as a mixing material of tomato paste production because the total soluble solid of papaya is relatively almost the same as the total soluble solid of tomato. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tomato paste with the addition of papaya as filler. The experiment was set up in completely randomized design with the treatment of the composition of tomatoes and papaya (the ratio of tomato and papaya as much as 1:0 (control),1:1, 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1). Each treatment repeated five times. The observation variables in the study were yield, total soluble solid, pH, total acid, vitamin C, and organoleptic test. Data obtained was processed using variance analysis (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s advanced test at 5% (α = 0,05) using the SPSS 21,0 program statistical package. The results showed that papaya can be used as filler in tomato paste. The addition of papaya could increase yield, total soluble solid, total acid, and vitamin C content in tomato paste. Added papaya fruit up to 50% (tomato and papaya composition is 2:1) produced tomato paste which is stable and acceptable to consumers. Keywords: characteristics, filler, papaya, paste, tomato
