Background: Parenteral therapy is a high-risk component of clinical care because injectable and infused medicines bypass physiological barriers, enabling rapid harm when errors occur. In low- and middle-income countries [LMICs], these risks may be intensified by staffing constraints, limited device availability, weak reporting systems, and inconsistent infection prevention infrastructure. Objective: This scoping review mapped evidence on parenteral therapy–related iatrogenic risks, safety devices, and medication administration technologies, and nursing and system-level determinants of safer parenteral therapy implementation in LMICs. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidance. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched for English-language publications from 2010 to 2026. Additional sources were identified through citation searching, professional guidance, and relevant reference lists. 71 studies met the inclusion criteria; 68 were mapped to one or more review objectives, while 3 studies supported methodological, conceptual, or background framing. Evidence was synthesized using narrative synthesis and evidence mapping, guided by the SEIPS socio-technical systems framework. Results: The review found that Iatrogenesis spanned all clinical phases, including preparation errors, glass particulate contamination, wrong infusion rates, catheter-related infections, and unsafe injection practices. These risks were exacerbated by heavy workloads and workflow interruptions. Safety devices addressed specific vulnerabilities: prefilled syringes reduced preparation complexity; filters mitigated particulate exposure; smart pumps reduced programming errors; and BCMA/eMAR systems strengthened verification. However, technology effectiveness depended on training, usability, workflow integration, procurement reliability, and institutional support. Conclusion: Preventing parenteral therapy–related iatrogenesis in LMICs requires layered, context-sensitive implementation combining nursing competence, standardized protocols, robust infection prevention, safety devices, and organizational governance.
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare but potentially fatal complication resulting from unintended systemic absorption of local anesthetics, potentially exacerbated by communication failures during perioperative handoffs. Standardized communication frameworks, such as the Situation–Background–Assessment–Recommendation (SBAR) model, support safer transitions of care. This quality improvement project implemented a standardized SBAR-based local anesthetic handoff tool to improve interdisciplinary communication and reduce variability in dose reporting among perioperative staff. Guided by a Plan–Do–Study–Act framework, the project was conducted over 12 weeks at a 626-bed acute care facility. A total of 144 perioperative handoff evaluations were completed using the SBAR tool and assessed with the Handoff Clinical Evaluation Exercise (CEX), which evaluates organization, content, communication, and clinical judgment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests, including Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank analyses. Following implementation, median total Handoff CEX scores were consistent across the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases, at approximately 36. No statistically significant differences were identified between sender and receiver scores (p = 0.612) or satisfaction ratings (p = 0.831), indicating agreement among providers regarding handoff quality and tool usability. Although overall scores remained stable, the SBAR-based tool promoted consistent inclusion of critical dosing and safety information during perioperative handoffs. These findings suggest that structured communication tools can enhance reliability in high-risk medication communication and provide a sustainable framework to support patient safety and prevention of LAST in high-volume surgical settings.
Background: Filter needle use is a vital safety measure to prevent glass particle contamination during medication preparation from ampoules. Although international recommendations emphasize their importance, filter needles are rarely used consistently in resource-limited settings, exposing patients to risks such as embolism, inflammation, and infection caused by glass particle injection. Aim: The study assessed nurses’ knowledge of filter-needle use, identified barriers to implementation, explored strategies, and provided recommendations to promote safe medication practices at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed with data collected from 145 registered nurses selected through stratified sampling across 12 wards and 5 clinics in the hospital. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS v27. Descriptive statistics summarized responses, while Chi-square tests determined associations at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Most nurses (95.9%) recognized the importance of filter needles, and 91.7% understood their clinical indications. However, only 57.2% reported confidence in practical use. Reported barriers included unavailability (100%), heavy workload (93.1%), lack of training (87.6%), absence of institutional policy (100%), and financial constraints (81.4%). Knowledge was significantly associated with financial limitations (χ² = 98.044, p < 0.001) but not with sociodemographic factors (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Nurses demonstrate strong theoretical knowledge but limited confidence and practice due to systemic barriers. Institutional reform, including policy mandates, regular training, and resource allocation, is urgently required to enhance safe medication practices
Introduction: Dietary habits refer to the consistent choices made by individuals or groups concerning their food consumption. It has a crucial influence in human health and reflects individual eating choices, which are often associated with culture, education, social background, and health status. Dietary habits may be influenced and altered by life stages and lifestyle factors, including physical activity and social interac-tion. Nutritional consumption significantly influences human health and well-being, particularly during childhood and adolescence, and directly impacts children's health due to their physical, mental, and cognitive development. Approaches: Data has been gathered from 100 children to evaluate the impact of social media on their dietary practices. The questionnaire was administered to professionals to establish its validity and subsequently its reliability. The total number of items in the questionnaire was 19. To evaluate children's behavior on social media about eating practices. The data was gathered by a simple random sampling process and analyzed using both descriptive and inferen-tial statistical techniques. Outcomes The results indicated that among 100 children, the mean age of participation was 15.66 years. The cur-rent study demonstrated a moderate impact of social media on children's food habits. The study demonstrated a substantial statistical link between children's age and hours spent on social media, as well as the impact of social media on children's food habits (p < 0.05). The re-sults indicated no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between social media usage and other demographic variables. Concludes The findings indicated that social media exerted a moderate influence on children's food habits. The study concluded that a substantial statistical link exists between children's age, hours of social media usage, and the impact of social media on children's food habits. The results indicat-ed no significant statistical differences between social media usage and other demographic variables.
This study assessed the patients’ satisfaction level on the nursing service in government hospitals within Eastern Visayas, Philippines and determined the predictors of patient’s satisfaction using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. The researcher primarily employed a de-scriptive correlational research design. Further, a standardized questionnaire named Risser -Patient Satisfaction Scale was employed to 203 patient respondents. This study revealed that Patients have greater satisfaction level on the competencies or capabilities of nurses in their respective field. However, respondents were less satisfied on nurses’ attitude toward patients, and on how they communicate with them. Moreover, this study also revealed that age, ward assignment, and service type was found to be the predictors of patients’ satis-faction.
