This paper proposes four methods for changing the linear active two-port networks into linear passive-like two-port networks. The reciprocity theorem is still valid in the linear passive-like two-port network, if the active linear network includes only independent sources. This paper extends the use of the reciprocity theorem into linear active two-port network.
Proper care and handling of electrosurgical equipment are essential to patient and personnel safety. Burns that destroy layers of the patient’s skin often linked to a medical mistake are largely preventable. This paper is dealing with the design of surgical electrodes as one of the extremely important factors for the formation of burns during standard procedures. Simulations have been performed by using the COMSOL simulation package for various electrode configurations (cylinder-cylinder, sphere-sphere, cylinder-sphere, cylinder-cone, sphere-cone, and cone-cone) representing shapes of surgical electrodes. The primary goal was to determine the location and the voltage required for sparking . The obtained s imulation results agree well with the experimental data taken from literature revealing that the sparking formation is strongly affected by the electrode configuration. Sparking occurs most easily when both electrodes are cylindrical and the most difficult when one electrode is a cone. It was also found that the sparking mechanism is not the same in both directions between the active electrode and passive metal plate due to electrical asymmetries. Electrical asymmetries may lead to differences in breakdown voltage even to 40%. Since the asymmetry is the cause of undesirable direct current burns and neuromuscular electrostimulation, and the conformity process does not take into account the sparking phenomena, the certification process for this class of equipment must change. Results presented here can be used t o establish practices for the safe use of the electrocautery device and to prevent injury to patients and staff.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a growing trend of the world in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The research and application of IoT in the other fields are being paid attention and promoted by the government. In this paper, we investigate the design and implementation of an IoT system for environment parameters monitoring. The system is consists of IoT node based on wireless sensor and gateway center with servers and software applications via the internet. The system 5 terminal nodes and gateway center is deployed at Ngoc Linh ginseng conservation center, Quang Nam province, Vietnam in order to verify the performance of the proposed system. The measurement results show that the system performs the correct function and produces high accuracy with an average tolerance of 5%. The stable operating distance between two IoT nodes is at least 250m and with the proposed mechanism manage energy savings at each network node , the operating cycle of sensor node is 50 days with one time battery replacement. In addition , in this system, the accelerator pump is controlled on by the monitoring software at the gateway when an IoT sensor node transmits a warning signal to the gateway that the soil moisture is under the threshold.
Electronic polling systems promise benefits to voters like accessibility and convenience that modify them to solid their votes at any time, from any Internet-connected electronic computer anyplace within the world. However, not like ancient paper-based selection systems, associate e-polling system introduces many security risks like privacy of vote, unlikability of a citizen, citizen coercion, secrecy of partial election results, verifiability, and poll integrity. The legitimacy of a citizen is another security concern, i.e., a citizen should be identified through associate authentication mechanism that forestalls selection of unauthorized voters or vote from approved voters. Another security concern is that the manipulation of votes by associate infected (e.g., virus, malware, so on) selection device. A malware-hosted device may build unauthorized build to the voter’s selection selections.Many e-voting systems have been proposed however ,to date, all these schemes either fail to supply all the desired security properties or aren't much possible on light-weight computing devices. during this paper, we tend to gift a secure and verifiable polling system, Online Voting System using AES Algorithm, that employs well-known science primitives to supply vote and voter’s privacy,and pollintegrity, confirms the identity of voters through a multifactor authentication theme, permits vote inside the allowed polling amount, prevents double selection, and achieves verifiability and uncoercibility within the presence of untrusted selection device.
Many of the technologies presently utilized in good homes may be tailored to fulfil many wants. By rising these technologies in homes will eliminate the requirement of care, and grant independence to those that would possibly struggle with day to day activities or in circumstances. This project aims to debate home automation systems for disables by speech recognition and device management with embedded systems. Our system takes the voice command of the user taken as input and method that command, and send request to the embedded system. Here we tend to conjointly style increased reality mobile application for dominant the device through mobile.
