This study analyzes the 1st National Colloquium "Disciplinary Foundations of Kinesiology" as formative and epistemic production device. Using a mixed approach, participants' perceptions were examined through openended responses, supported by graphical representations and clouds. Findings reveal sustained reflective openness, characterized by active participation, strong communicative clarity, and high disciplinary relevance. However, limitations were identified in epistemological articulation, with predominance of intermediate levels in critical dialogue and partial integration of knowledge. Additionally, the understanding of epistemic injustice and the projection of the event remain transitional stage between recognition and transformative action. It is concluded that the colloquium represents a relevant space for disciplinary reflection; nevertheless, challenges persist consolidating critical epistemic agency and achieving a coherent integration of kinesiology's foundational principles.
The lingual nerve (LN) is a sensory branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve provides sensation to the anterior two thirds of the tongue, floor of the oral cavity, and the lingual gingival mucosa, addition to conveying gustatory and parasympathetic fibers through its connection with the chorda tympani. Its anatomical course is complex and exhibits considerable variability, particularly in the posterior mandibular region, which exposes it to a high risk of iatrogenic injury during surgical procedures. The aim of this review was to describe the origin, course, main anatomical variations of the LN, as well as to analyze clinical relevance in oral and maxillofacial surgery. A narrative review of the literature was conducted through searches PubMed, SciELO, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, complemented by the review of classical anatomy textbooks, including human studies based on cadaveric dissections, imaging techniques, and clinical series, without restriction year of publication. The results show that the LN exhibits relevant variations in its origin, depth, and relationship the lingual cortical bone, particularly within the pterygomandibular space, the retromolar region, and the of the oral cavity, where it may follow superficial courses and establish direct contact with the mandibular lingual plate. These anatomical configurations explain the high susceptibility the nerve to injury during procedures such as third molar extraction, orthognathic surgery, and surgeries of the floor the oral cavity. Detailed knowledge of LN anatomical variations is essential to optimize surgical planning and reduce the risk of neurosensory complications in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
The occipital emissary foramen (OFF) represents an important anatomical channel that transmits the occipital emissary vein, forming a venous communication between the extracranial suboccipital tissues and the intracranial occipital sinus. The prevalence and morphological variability of the OEF differ considerably across populations, reflecting developmental, genetic, and geographical influences. This descriptive observational study aimed to determine the incidence, laterality patterns, and morphometric characteristics of the OEF in 92 adult human dry skulls and to clarify its potential clinical implications. Skulls were systematically examined to document the presence or absence of the foramen, its position relative to the external occipital crest, side distribution, and total number of foramina per specimen. The study revealed that most skulls (81.5%) exhibited at least one OEF, predominantly located on the squamous part of the occipital bone. Bilateral presentation represented the most frequent pattern, followed by unilateral and midline forms. A single OFF occurred most commonly, whereas double and multiple foramina were less frequent. This substantial variability underscores the relevance of understanding OEF anatomy, particularly in neurosurgical and neurointerventional procedures involving the posterior fossa and suboccipital region, where unanticipated emissary veins may increase the risk of bleeding or facilitate the spread of infection. These findings reinforce the importance of careful preoperative planning to minimize complications associated with emissary venous channels.
This report presents a case of double inferior vena cava (DVIC), anomalous origin of the interiliac vein, and early branching of the left renal artery sandwiching double left renal veins in a single male cadaver. In the cadaver, DIVC and an interiliac vein with anomalous origin were identified: the latter collected blood from the right pelvic cavity, anastomosed with the right internal iliac vein and right common iliac vein to form a venous circuit, and finally drained into the left inferior vena cava. Additionally, anomalous structures at the left renal hilum were observed, mainly characterized by early branching of the left renal artery, with complex crossing relationships among the resulting segmental arteries, double left renal veins, and renal pelvis. This paper details these anatomical variations and discusses their possible embryological evolution mechanisms and relevant clinical significance. Since these anatomical variations affect the outcomes and prognosis of retroperitoneal space and pelvic surgical procedures, familiarity with the knowledge of renal vascular and inferior vena cava anomalies is crucial for surgeons.
The study of human anatomy involves practical exercises and dissections on cadaveric material laboratory settings. Students have demonstrated diverse reactions. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the physical and emotional changes in medical students between their first and last anatomy practice sessions, including dissection. Methodologically, this a quantitative observational study with a single-cohort, descriptive design and a multicenter approach. 306 students from five Colombian universities participated voluntarily. They shared common exposure to the practice sessions. The instrument "Study of Perception in Dissection Practice-2 Parts-Short Version EPPD-2p" was applied. At the end of the instrument, a descriptive Candido, scope concept was generated for each of the four dimensions, and an optional space for comments was included. Reliability Chiou, and construct validation of the EPPD-2p was performed. Perception measurements were taken after the first and laboratory sessions, and the results of the two sessions were then percepcionescompared. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed, and dethe Student's exact t test was used to determine the difference between these time points. In contrast, the results show significant decrease in reactions such as vertigo, nausea, palpitations, tremors, and sweating; a slight increase in the consequences of insomnia and loss of appetite; and coping with experimentales positive aspects such as relaxation and the use of biosafety las implements, while negative aspects such as the use of tranquilizers objetowere noted. It is concluded that the decrease in physical and emotional changes may be related to a process of psychological adaptation, mediated by the time elapsed between the two moments, combined with the coping mechanisms that students interpretaci & oacute;n adopt to respond to the actions and decisions related to the proper handling of human material, as well as to their learning process enand the future challenges they will face in their medical work.
