EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase often mutated in cancer, has variants affecting its structure, signalling, drug interactions, and treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer. This study introduces a combined NGS and Bio python-based computational method for identifying and mapping EGFR variants using PDB ID: 8D76. NGS data helps detect clinically significant variants, which are then analysed and mapped with combining Bio python. Sequence similarity and conservation are evaluated using, while InterProScan identifies functional domains and conserved regions. Structural integrity and residue flexibility are assessed through ERRAT and B-factor analysis showing stable and flexible residue. Variants structural impacts are examined via RMSD analysis. Protein interaction networks and signaling pathways are studied using STRING and pathway analysis to understand cancer progression. Molecular docking explores interactions between drugs and EGFR, with ADMET analysis evaluating their pharmacokinetics and toxicity. In toxicity prediction classified sotorasib as class 5, while other ligand was placed in class 4. This comprehensive approach integrates genomic, sequence, structural, pathway, and pharmacological data to identify potentially critical EGFR variants as a central hub gene. It aims to improve understanding of EGFR alterations and support personalized cancer treatments and drug development.
Cnidoscolus quercifolius is a xerophytic plant that is used ethnobotanically to treat injuries, ulcers, dysentery and pain through the rustic preparation of teas and ethanolic bottles. Despite its use by local inhabitants in Brazil, there is still a lack of research into its toxicity factors, which is of fundamental importance for its safe consumption by the population. This study sought to assess the toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the plant's bark. The results showed a low hemolytic factor, a median lethal dose of 97.96 ppm in Artemia salina assay, an insecticidal ef ect of 100 % at 2.5 mg/mL, phytotoxicity at 1 mg/mL, deaths were seen only in intraperitoneal administration (LD50=117,1 mg/Kg), but alterations in urea and creatinine along with the morphology of red blood cells and tissue cells in organs such as the liver, spleen and kidneys were found via both intraperitoneal and oral, which leads to a warning that its consumption can cause damage. From this elucidation, it can be seen that its consumption presents risks, and it is necessary to ascertain its therapeutic potential in conjunction with safety dosages.
Background: This study assessed the pollination ecology of some selected trees in Bagale Hills Forest Reserve (BHFR) in Adamawa State and Jos Wildlife Park (JWLP) in Plateau State. The objectives were to: assess angiosperm diversity; determine polinator diversity; compare the flowering of angiosperms between the two studied locations and investigate plant-pollinator interaction in between the studied locations. Materials and Method: The systematic line transect method was deployed for laying out transects. Four transects of 1 km were laid in the two geolocations and four sampled plots of 50 m x 50 m was laid alternately along each of the transect. Three angiosperms were selected randomly and were used for collection of data on phenology, pollination and plant-pollinator interactions. The two locations were traversed for three months and the appearance of flowering buds and presence of pollinators on targeted tree species were observed. Data were analysed and presented using the Descriptive statistics but Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index was used to determine diversity. The diversity of the pollinators of BHFR and JWLP were compared using the paired simple t-Test. Results: The result of the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index indicates pollinator species diversity of 2.686 in BHFR, while pollinator species diversity in JWLP was 2.589 respectively. There was no significant difference between the pollinator’s diversity of BHFR and JWLP (p > 0.05). The result of phenological scoring showed that 3.25 % of the tree species were flowering during the wet season in both studied locations. Plant-pollinator interactions showed that the pollinators encountered during the study were invertebrates that were not evenly distributed. Additionally, all sampled tree species encountered were generalist. Despite variation in ecological features of the two locations, plant species and pollinator diversity were similar. Conclusion: It was concluded that conservation education for the communities surrounding the two study sites must be given due priority
Background: Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) can cause infection at the primary colonization site or spread to cause serious hospital infections such as bacteremia, septicemia and neonatal sepsis. In this context, the increase in bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics has become a public health problem. Therefore, there is a need to intensify studies involving CoNS to implement more effective control measures. In this context, essential oils, which have antimicrobial activity, have emerged as alternatives for modulating the activity of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains. This study evaluated the modulatory effect of rosemary-pepper essential oil associated with antibiotics against CoNS strains. Materials and Methods: Homogeneous populations of pepper rosemary were collected around CPCA/UFMG. Characterization was obtained by gas chromatography. The microorganisms were identified by MALDI - TOF MS and antibiotic resistance was determined by microdilution on plates. The STITCH bioinformatics platform was used to predict the potentiation of antibiotics through rosemary essential oil. Results: Carvacrol (28.94%), o-Cymene (20.53%), γ-Terpinene (10.36%) and Thymol (2.91%) were obtained as the majority components of the oil. The association of pepper rosemary oil with the antibiotics amoxicillin and tetracycline reduced the concentration of antibiotic needed to inhibit 100% of the resistant strains of CoNS, indicating the synergistic effect of the oil with the antibiotics. In the networks and sub-networks created by the in silico analyses, it is possible to observe an interaction between the antibiotic amoxicillin and the bioactive compound in pepper rosemary oil, Camphor, through the histamine molecule. The antibiotic tetracycline was found to interact with the bioactive compounds in rosemary oil, linalool and limonene, via the nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) molecule. All the major components of the oil also acted in the chemical-protein interaction network, indicating possible synergisms between the antibiotics and the bioactive compounds in rosemary oil. Conclusion: These results show that pepper rosemary oil has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial adjuvant in the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant CoNS bacteria
Background: Menstrual hygiene is crucial for women's health and well-being, yet it is often neglected, particularly among adolescent girls in rural areas. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in these regions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 375 adolescent girls from rural areas near Bangalore. Data were collected through structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study found significant gaps in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to menstrual hygiene. Over half of the participants lacked prior knowledge about menstruation, nearly half had negative attitudes, and a majority practiced poor menstrual hygiene. Strong positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitudes (0.75), knowledge and practices (0.70), and attitudes and practices (0.65), indicating that improved knowledge positively influences attitudes and practices. Common menstrual symptoms reported included backache (49.60%) and abdominal pain (25.8%). Conclusion: The findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive menstrual education programs to enhance knowledge, foster positive attitudes, and improve hygiene practices. Addressing these gaps through education, challenging cultural taboos, and providing access to sanitary products are essential for improving the health and well-being of adolescent girls in rural areas. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and healthcare providers to develop effective menstrual hygiene management programs.
