The fertilizer supply chain servicing Indonesian agroindustrial production encounters persistent systemic inefficiencies. Lack of transparency and poor cargo traceability across complex maritime logistics networks severely impair the sustaining capacity of agricultural systems. Digitalization offers profound strategic solutions to tackle these structural weaknesses. This study evaluates the integration of Blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies within a Kaizen continuous improvement framework to enhance the performance of agro-input distribution. The research employs a quantitative methodology utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The authors gathered primary empirical data from a purposive sample of 150 practitioners operating within the transportation and maritime logistics sector. Analytical findings confirm that integrating distributed ledgers with real-time sensor monitoring significantly amplifies supply chain transparency and accountability. The structural model yielded a robust explanatory coefficient proving that technological deployment directly optimizes logistical sustainability. A key contribution of this research highlights the insufficiency of digital infrastructure without institutional capacity building. The Kaizen philosophy functions as an essential mediator that empowers logistics stakeholders to iteratively adopt digital tracking mechanisms. The study concludes that combining hardware, software, and continuous human improvement creates a resilient logistical architecture capable of securing national fertilizer distribution. Future empirical validation expanding to end-point farmers remains highly recommended. Keywords: IoT, Technology Integration, Data Transparency, Sustainability, Kaizen, Blockchain.
Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia play a significant role in advancing the Indonesian economy; however, they are vulnerable to challenges caused by climate change as a global consequence, as well as challenges stemming from global supply chain issues. In this regard, with a focus on rapid technological change and sustainability, MSMEs have considerable potential for transformation. With the above elaboration, this research aims to examine from the perspective of MSMEs in Indonesia the impact of entrepreneurial resilience and business sustainability on the adoption of green innovation, digital technology, diversified supply chains, and collaborative ecosystems. To address the aforementioned research questions, a quantitative approach using structural equation modelling (partial least squares) (PLS-SEM) was employed with a sample of 250 MSMEs from three provinces in Indonesia: West Java, Central Java, and North Sumatra. For model assessment, this assessment focused on (i) indicator weights, (ii) average variance extracted (AVE), and (iii) composite reliability. In this context, hypothesis testing was conducted using bootstrapping. In summary, digitization and supplier diversification were recorded for the first time as having a positive impact on entrepreneurial resilience, whereas green innovation has a significant yet negative influence on entrepreneurial resilience. Additionally, resilience was proven to have a positive effect on business sustainability. Within the framework of the entire model, the strength of explanation is impressive, reaching R² of 0.995 for entrepreneurial resilience and R² of 0.885 for business sustainability. The results show that several components of the internal adaptive capacity of MSMEs, in particular, digital transformation and flexible supply chain management, are vital for enhancing the resilience and sustainability of MSMEs in the long term, while the effects of green innovation and ecosystem collaboration appear to be more contextually contingent. Keywords: digital adoption, eco-innovation, resilience, supplier diversification, sustainability.
This study explores how digital technology enhances innovation performance through open innovation (OI) among agro-SMEs in Depok, Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and documentation from an AI-focused digital training program. Thematic analysis using NVivo revealed five main themes: digital collaboration, peer learning, knowledge sharing, innovation drivers, and competitiveness. Findings indicate that digital tools, such as social media, e-commerce platforms, and simple AI applications, facilitate knowledge exchange and co-creation with customers, suppliers, and peer SMEs. Peer-based learning and informal collaboration during community events and training significantly enhanced product improvements and branding innovations. However, barriers are still existing, such as limited digital skills, low confidence, and a lack of structured support, hinder the full adoption of digital OI practices. This study underscores the importance of localized innovation ecosystems and practical support mechanisms in enabling SMEs to engage in open innovation. A strategic framework linking digital knowledge flows and collaborative capabilities to innovation performance is proposed. The results offer practical guidance for institutions and policymakers seeking to strengthen SME competitiveness in the agricultural sector. Keywords: agro-SMEs, collaboration, open innovation, digital technology, innovation performance, knowledge exchange
This study evaluates the Arabica coffee production system at Koperasi Ketakasi using a circular economy approach to identify potential efficiency gains and waste reduction. The system remains linear mainly, as shown by a Material Circularity Indicator (MCI) of 0.227 and a Linear Flow Index (LFI) of 0.863. The drying stage causes the most significant waste, consuming 92% of production time, with unutilized solid and liquid waste. Waste causes were analyzed using a 6M fishbone diagram (man, method, machine, material, environment, management). Circular opportunities include converting waste into compost, liquid fertilizer, briquettes, animal feed, and defective beans. Based on the 9R framework, reduce, reuse, and repurpose strategies are feasible for phased implementation, offering economic benefits (Net B/C > 1; payback < 0.5 years). These strategies can improve production efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and support the sustainability of the cooperative and coffee farming community. Keywords: circular economy, coffee agroindustry, green economy, Ketakasi Cooperative, resilience
The construction of palm oil mills is a complex process influenced by various technical, social, and environmental factors, leading to significant risks, including construction delays, budget overruns, and compromised quality. The sector often neglects to implement effective risk mitigation strategies, resulting in challenges during the planning stage, particularly surrounding structural planning risk and social risk considerations during project approval. This research focuses on the risk management integration within palm oil mill construction at PT HPI, specifically utilizing ISO 31000:2018 and PMBOK during initial planning and design phases. Using a mixed-method approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews and semi-structured questionnaires aimed at experienced professionals in the industry, an analysis of the collected data, through a probability/impact matrix, identified 14 key risk duting the planning stage of palm oil mill project. The three most critical risks highlighted were: 1) Misalignment between project design and intended outcomes, 2) Slow progression in planning caused by unclear data and poorly defined project scope, and 3) delays in necessary bureaucratic approvals. The research indicates that the integration of ISO 31000:2018 with PMBOK facilitates the development of a comprehensive risk management plan. This approach aims to reduce the likelihood of schedule delays, control costs more effectively, and improve the organization's capability to address social and environmental risks in future palm oil mill projects. Keywords: agroindustry; project risk; planning phase; palm oil mill, risk mitigation
