Artificial intelligence (AI) can help improve many areas of waste management and biogas generation. The world has reached a state where waste generation is increasing daily, while an effective waste management system is essential for the sustainable development of a country. AI could be of great use in optimizing the waste management scheme by technical differentiation of all sorts and recycling techniques. AI can contribute to the improvement of waste segmentation, recycling, and disposal. Thus, by assessing availability and composition, AI can easily contribute to the selection of the most suitable feedstock for biogas generation. This paper will discuss the optimization of gasifier design, an important part of biogas production, to enhance gasification efficiency for more efficient syngas production. Several gains accrue from AI applications, and among them is the selection of feedstocks and gasifiers optimal for more efficient and sustainable waste management and use in the production of biogas systems. This review paper identifies the potential application areas in either waste management practices or biogas production and puts forward ways in which AI can be used in these areas.
To ensure the economic feasibility of shale oil and gas exploitation, large-scale hydraulic fracturing is essential for increasing recovery volumes by creating more efficient conductivity channels. However, China's continental shale reservoirs present complex geological conditions, making optimization through traditional hydraulic fracturing challenging. Thus, substituting CO2 for water in fracturing fluids to enhance shale reservoirs has garnered significant interest. An orthogonal experimental design was implemented to identify the optimal parameters for CO2 composite fracturing. Analysis of single-factor experiments led to the selection of four key variables: slickwater volume, slickwater displacement, pre- flush liquid CO2 volume, and proppant addition volume, resulting in 16 experimental configurations. Using numerical simulation of tight oil shale reservoirs, the effective stimulated reservoir volume for each parameter combination was calculated. Variance analysis revealed that increased slickwater volume significantly enhances fracture initiation and propagation. While variations in slickwater displacement and preflush liquid CO2 volume influence fracture network morphology and complexity, they have a lesser effect on the stimulated volume compared to slickwater volume. Proppant quantity primarily affects fracture conductivity with minimal impact on stimulated volume. This research underpins the optimization of constructional parameters for CO2 composite fracturing.
In this article, the detailed mechanism of isopentanol was simplified by direct relationship graph error propagation (DRGEP), generation rate analysis, reaction path optimization, and sensitivity analysis, and a comprehensive simplified mechanism of isopentanol/gasoline alternative fuels was obtained. Isopentanol/gasoline-characterized fuels with different blending ratios were investigated, and the results showed that blending of isopentanol promoted the autoignition of gasoline. It was found that blending isopentanol does not signifi- cantly affect the low-temperature reaction path of alkanes, but increases the reaction path fl ux from toluene to benzene. During combustion of isopentanol/gasoline alternative fuels, the isopentanol component exhibits a unique two-stage combustion phenomenon.
The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of intake closing timing (ICT) on the fl ow fi eld and combustion process in elliptical rotary engines. The model that can accurately describe the working process of the elliptical rotary engine was established, fi ve kinds of ICTs were designed, and the influence of ICT on the fl ow fi eld and combustion process was studied. The results show that the advance of the ICT can increase the intake mass fl ow- rate and reduce the back fl owrate, the volumetric efficiency is 86.1% at a 145-deg crank angle (degrees CA) before top dead center (BTDC), which is 7.6% higher than 125 degrees CA BTDC. The advance of the ICT improves the consumption speed, makes the combustion reaction more intense, and shortens the combustion time. When the ICT is 145 degrees CA BTDC, the crank angle when the burned mass fraction is 90% (CA90) is 19.4 degrees CA earlier than 125 degrees CA BTDC, the peak mass of hydroxy in a cylinder is 41.6% higher, and the peak pressure in a cylinder is 25.9% higher. With the advance of the ICT, the pressure and heat release in the cylinder are significantly increased, the peak temperature in the cylinder is increased, the rate of carbon monoxide generation is accelerated, and the mass of nitrogen oxide emission is significantly increased. However, advancing the ICT cannot improve the indicated thermal efficiency of the elliptical rotary engine. This analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the ICT of elliptical rotary engines.
Horse manure is one of the highest potential biowastes for heat and power generation. This article investigates the experimental and mathematical modeling of thermochemical conversion for horse manure. As one type of thermochemical conversions, the pyrolysis process was carried out at eight different heating rates on horse manure using three parameters: the extent of reaction, the rate change of the extent of reaction, and differential thermal analysis (DTA), all used to determine kinetic data that will be validated with a mathematical model. Slow pyrolysis: below 15 degrees C/min showed optimistic results of obtaining exothermic reaction over a wide range of temperature which makes it self-sustainable with steady heat generation. Also, low heating rates allowed a quasi-equilibrium state through slow heating with a minimum delay in response for any transient error that could be generated from differential thermal gravimetry (DTG) device.
