Quarrying activities has been regarded as one of the informal activities which has the potential of contributing to the development and economies of communities where ever the quarry companies are installed. But at the same time, the environmental and health impacts of mining on surrounding communities have been a major concern to governments, the general public and stakeholder organizations and individuals. This paper examines the effect of quarrying activities on environmental sustainability of the Makenene community especially at “quartier carrier” in the Center region of Cameroon. To achieve the main aim of the study, three objectives were set to access the environmental impact of quarrying activities on land degradation, water, air and soil quality in Makenene sub-division, examine the effect of quarrying activities on the health of the people of the study area and to appraise the measures which have been put in place for sustainable quarry extraction with focus on environmental sustainability. Purposive and systematic random sampling techniques were used to administer 155 copies of questionnaires drawn from Miller and Brews (2003) sample determination method. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The major findings showed that quarrying activities have significantly affected the “quartier carrier” in Makenene countryside as it has led to environmental degradation, water and air quality distortion. The findings also proved that there have been considerable human health problems resulting from quarrying activities. Based on the findings, the study strongly recommends the government bench of Cameroon to effectively implement its mining/quarry laws and make sure prior Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), monitoring and evaluation are effective to see that quarry companies operate within the legal frameworks while maintaining environmental sustainability. Keywords: Environmental degradation, Natural resource exploitation, Quarry, Sustainability DOI: 10.7176/JEES/12-1-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2022
The poor state of the environment, especially in urban areas, has become a major global issue, with developing countries such as Nigeria voicing growing concern. There is a scarcity of knowledge on the environmental impact of PFSs as a result of the loss of life and property, as well as other serious socio-economic implications of non-compliance with PFSs siting criteria. The historical literature on the impact of residential buildings, the environment, and human health on PFSs in Nigeria, as well as the study's gap, is examined in this research. It also outlines DPR compliance with PFSs location as well as established criteria for prohibiting PFS sitting in Nigeria's states. Relevant publications on PFSs-related topics were downloaded from Google Scholar. The goal of this study is to look back on a previous essay about PFSs in Nigeria and its impacts on the environment and human health. This study's main purpose is to give a complete overview of Nigerian PFSs. According to the article analyzed, the majority of PFSs were located close to residents, with setbacks from the road and residential areas of less than 30 m in 90% of the filling stations. As a result, the landowners can band together to argue that a facility that is improperly sited cannot be built. A great deal of public participation is required. A campaign should be launched to raise awareness among filling station owners and other developers of the dangers of non-compliance with established norms. All violators of the established norms, as well as corrupt officials of enforcement agencies/bodies, should face open punishment so that others might learn their lessons. Finally, appropriate planning is required to allow future road expansion.
This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It also evaluate factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health problems within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources, these articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this study revealed that groundwater was more studied than surface water. It was observed that groundwater within the riverine communities are much more prone to pollution when compared to groundwater in upland area. From reviewed article, it was observed that, larger percentage of groundwater showed presence of coliform. Study from reviewed article further suggested that hydrogeochemical processes such as rock water interaction, saltwater intrusion and precipitation influences groundwater quality within the study area especially within Sombreiro-Warri Deltaic Plain Deposit.
Field experimentation on crops grown in soils with multiple nutrient limiting situations is a challenge in terms of cost and time.Soil testing programs are evolving towards more realistic decision support systems for nutrient recommendations.In order to identify the most limiting nutrient(s) and evaluate the effects of their applications on yield and nutrient uptake of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) on soil samples collected from Nitisols of wolaita zone.A systematic approach was used to determine the availability of nutrients in the test soils, the sorption capacities and greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate crop responses to nutrients , additions.The soil chemical analysis revealed that the amounts of total N, available P, S, Zn and Cu were deficient and less than three times the critical value in Nitisols.P, S, Zn and Cu were selected to conduct the sorption experiment.The results of the sorption experiment nutrient elements to be added to the optimum treatment were: P: 190, S: 37, Zn: 11 and Cu: 13 mg per kg soil.Soil showed a relatively high P, Zn and Cu sorption value.The highest relative biomass yield of 53% and grain yield of 32% were obtained from optimum treatment.Significant increase of N, P, S, Zn and Cu content in shoot and grain emphasized the superiority of optimum treatment.P, S, Zn and Cu in the soil are found to be highly limiting nutrients to support chickpea growth.Therefore, external supplies of P, S, Zn and Cu fertilizers could be recommended for improving production of chickpea in the study area.
The responsibility for uncovering rental discrimination falls on researchers and all stakeholders in the rental sector. The study examined discriminatory practices in Nigerian rental housing with a view to providing information that could expose the existence of discrimination. Questionnaires were administered on 417 renters and data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The study found disparate treatment of renters in the study area. Rental discriminatory practices found include “Landlord creating different terms or standards for certain tenants” which received a mean score of 3.9614; “I was told housing is not available for rental when it is, in fact, available” received a mean rating of 3.8410; “I was denied negotiation for a rental” (3.4892). The study also revealed that real estate agents discriminate, landlords and tenants also discriminate. Some rental discriminatory forms are subtle and this explain why rental discrimination has proved to be difficult to detect or eliminate. The study recommends for continued fair housing enforcement activities to ensure that all have equal opportunity to housing. Keywords : Discrimination, rental housing, landlords, renters DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-12-04 Publication date: December 31 st 2021
