This study examines the association between employee-oriented corporate social responsibility and employee-perceived institutional reputation in Pakistan's higher education sector through organisational trust and across levels of organisational justice. Cross-sectional data from 380 employees of public and private higher education institutions were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results showed that employee-oriented corporate social responsibility was positively associated with organisational trust and employee-perceived institutional reputation. Organisational trust partially mediated the association between employee-oriented corporate social responsibility and reputation, while organisational justice strengthened the trust-reputation association. The study provides a sector-specific extension by explaining how employee-focused responsibility, trust, and justice may support reputable, fair, and institutionally sustainable higher education in a developing-country context.
Tourism industry digitalization may support sustainable tourism, but its ecological benefits are not automatic. Using panel data for nine prefecture-level cities in Fujian Province from 2014 to 2023, this study constructs tourism industry digitalization (DTI) and ecologization (ETI) indices and examines their spatiotemporal evolution, adaptation levels, and potential indirect channels. Both indices increased overall, yet coastal cities exhibited higher DTI and mountainous cities higher ETI, indicating uneven alignment. A two-way fixed effects model identifies a significant positive association between DTI and ETI. Mediation analysis reveals positive indirect associations through industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation and a negative indirect association through energy intensity. Indirect associations through human capital and consumption structure are statistically insignificant. These findings clarify digital-ecological alignment and candidate indirect channels within a regional tourism system, informing policies tailored to local digital foundations and ecological endowments.
Tourism is an important driver of socio-economic development. However, its rapid growth has increased pressure on the environment and host communities. Hence, it becomes increasingly urgent to understand that how tourists perceive sustainability and how these perceptions shape their behavioral decisions. Therefore, this study develops an integrated framework by incorporating perceived Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Environmental awareness is also examined as a moderator between sustainable tourism intentions and behavior. The study collected the data from 472 tourists and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings show that perceived ESG factors significantly influence tourists’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control also significantly influence sustainable tourism intentions, which subsequently shape sustainable tourism behavior. Environmental awareness further strengthens the intention–behavior relationship. The study also reveals significant indirect effects of perceived ESG dimensions on sustainable tourism behavior.
Green finance has become a key instrument for addressing environmental degradation and supporting sustainable development. However, existing literature has largely focused on its outcomes, with limited attention to the factors that contribute to its effectiveness. Using an input-oriented perspective, this study examines the roles of green innovation, financial development, and research and development (R&D) in promoting green financing and sustainable development. Empirical data from thirty-nine manufacturing companies in Saudi Arabia covering 2011–2025 are analyzed using partial least squares, generalized method of moments, fixed-effects, and random-effects models. The findings demonstrate that green innovation, financial development, and R&D significantly contribute to the effectiveness of green financing. The transition from conventional product innovation to green finance is found to be less challenging than the development of eco-friendly technological innovations, as environmentally friendly products can generate positive financial returns. The study provides policy insights for promoting sustainable industrial growth.
Green product innovation plays a central role in driving high-quality development. However, little is known about its role in Saudi Arabia’s transitions toward a sustainable economy under Vision 2030. The current study investigates how green product innovation influences long-term financial sustainability through the mediating role of environmental performance and market competitiveness. The study is based on empirical data from 38 Saudi industrial companies spanning 2005 through 2022; the research links the strategic pathways connecting innovative green development directly to bottom-line profitability. The findings demonstrate that developing eco-friendly products significantly boosts financial sustainability, resulting in a substantially stronger economic impact than conventional, non-green product innovation. Furthermore, a firm’s environmental performance and market competitiveness serve as essential mechanisms in securing lasting viability. This research strengthens our understanding of green innovation’s economic value and offers critical policy implications for designing framework strategies that promote environmentally friendly and sustainable growth.
