We need to build broader, comprehensive and well-established curricula incorporating violence prevention along with other life skills, prevention practices, health information, character building and decision-making. We might be able to take advantage of the curricular revolution that is likely to arrive soon. This revolution will be from the greater deployment of artificial intelligence to personalize the learning process. Strategies are needed to overcome the obstacles to the collaborations required to create these comprehensive curricula. Evaluations are needed of these comprehensive approaches.
The increasing reliance on digital communications and remote working arrangements has introduced new opportunities for workplace sexual harassment. Technology-facilitated workplace sexual harassment involves unwelcome and/or threatening sexual conduct via mobile, online and other digital platforms within workplace contexts. While face-to-face sexual harassment is widely addressed in organizational policies and legislation, technology-facilitated forms remain comparatively underexamined, particularly from a perpetration perspective. This study presents the findings from a national Australian survey ( n = 3,356), examining the prevalence, modality, attitudinal correlates and demographic predictors of workplace sexual harassment perpetration among respondents who identified as men or women. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of perpetration across modalities, whereas negative binomial regression models examined behavioral intensity and cross-modality associations among perpetrators ( n = 870). Overall, 26.0% of respondents reported engaging in at least one form of workplace sexual harassment, including 3.4% who engaged exclusively in technology-facilitated harassment, 8.1% exclusively in face-to-face harassment and 14.5% in both modalities. Discriminatory attitudes and sexual harassment myth acceptance emerged as the strongest attitudinal predictors of perpetration. Younger age, identifying as a man and urban residence were also associated with elevated odds of perpetration, with the largest effects observed among dual-modality perpetrators. Higher technology-facilitated behavior counts were associated with higher face-to-face behavior counts (incidence rate ratio = 1.19, p < .001), indicating substantial overlap between modalities. These findings suggest that technology-facilitated workplace sexual harassment forms part of a broader pattern of workplace sexual harassment perpetration and highlights the importance of prevention strategies that address discriminatory attitudes, sexual harassment myths and technology-facilitated behaviors within workplace policy and practice.
This study investigates the association between adolescent violent victimization and intergenerational educational mobility (i.e., whether one’s educational attainment exceeds, matches, or falls below that of one's parents) in adulthood, as well as how this relationship varies by race and ethnicity. Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative cohort following U.S. adolescents into adulthood. The analytic sample included 8,620 respondents with data at Wave I (1994–1995; ages 12–19) and Wave V (2016–2018; ages 33–44). Educational mobility was categorized as (a) upward, (b) stable, or (c) downward based on respondents’ highest educational attainment at Wave V compared to their parents’ highest educational attainment at Wave I. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the association between self-reported violent victimization from Wave I and patterns of educational mobility. Overall, 24.8% of respondents experienced upward educational mobility, 14.9% downward mobility, and 60.3% stable educational mobility. In the full sample, violent victimization was not significantly associated with educational mobility. In stratified analyses, violent victimization was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of upward educational mobility (relative risk ratios [RRR] = 0.763, 95% CI [0.594, 0.982]) among non-Hispanic Black respondents. Findings suggest that adolescent violent victimization may constrain opportunities for upward educational mobility among Black individuals. Addressing adolescent violence exposure through prevention and school-based support may help reduce intergenerational educational inequities.
Previous research highlights critical Veteran-civilian differences in antisocial behavior, including unique demographic and offense characteristics among justice-involved Veterans and disproportionately high involvement of Veterans in family violence. However, comparatively limited empirical attention has investigated potential victim characteristics of Veterans with criminal-legal involvement, resulting in a limited understanding of these Veterans’ criminogenic and rehabilitative needs. Using a nationally representative sample of incarcerated adults convicted of violent offenses, the current study compared offense and victim characteristics among incarcerated Veterans ( N = 1,112) and civilians ( N = 10,448) and among incarcerated Veterans with and without histories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or combat exposure. Veterans had a greater likelihood than civilians of being incarcerated for sexual offenses and for offenses against persons who were female; under age 18 years old; well-known to the offender; and a spouse, child, or stepchild of the offender. Veterans also had a greater likelihood of acting alone and a lower likelihood of using a firearm at the time of offense. Offense and victim characteristics were not consistently associated with Veteran histories of PTSD or combat exposure. Findings are broadly consistent with the extant literature highlighting potentially elevated rates of family violence among Veterans compared to civilians. Findings support the potential benefit of developing guidance for screening and identification efforts, coordination and integration of resources and services to mitigate risk among at-risk Veterans and their families, and rehabilitative interventions for Veterans with criminal-legal involvement.
Research on child sexual abuse has predominantly focused on cases that typically begin in early childhood. By contrast, sexual abuse and boundary violations that first occur during adolescence have received comparatively little attention. This study aims to analyze the similarities and differences in the age of abuse onset in childhood and adolescence, considering victim characteristics and abuse-related factors. The study is based on anonymously collected data from the German Sexual Abuse Telephone Helpline covering the years 2016 to 2024. The sample comprises 1,935 reported cases of sexual abuse that began in childhood or adolescence. The study examined similarities and differences between victims whose abuse began in childhood versus those whose abuse began during adolescence using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses. The age of onset in childhood was significantly more likely to be associated with contact, non-penetrative abuse. By contrast, the age of onset in adolescence was significantly linked to penetrative acts. Childhood-onset abuse cases occurred more often within the family, with fathers and grandfathers being the predominant perpetrators. By contrast, abuse that began in adolescence was significantly associated with non-familial contexts, most commonly involving strangers, sports coaches, and teachers as perpetrators. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable in specific contexts, such as institutional settings. This developmental phase is characterized by growing autonomy, sexual exploration, and spending more time outside the family environment. These factors can make adolescents vulnerable to abuse. Professional fields and society need to raise awareness and learn to recognize and respond to the needs of victims who experienced abuse during adolescence.
