Background & Aim: Saliva plays a critical role in maintaining oral health through various defensive mechanisms and salivary pH is a fair indicator of various dental diseases. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of curry leaf and cinnamon mouthwashes in maintaining salivary and tongue pH as compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash. Methodology: A randomized parallel-group study was conducted among 60 participants who were randomly allocated to the three groups (curry leaf, cinnamon, and chlorhexidine).The participants were asked to rinse their mouth with respective mouthwashes. Stimulated saliva was collected before and after rinsing with respective mouthwashes and the salivary and tongue coating pH were measured by a digital pH meter and coloured pH indicators. Data were analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA and Student t-test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in relation to salivary and tongue pH (p>0.05). Within the cinnamon mouthwash group, the mean salivary pH was only found significant between baseline and 30 minutes after rinsing (p<0.05), whereas, it was found significant at all the point intervals (p<0.05) within the curry leaf and chlorhexidine mouthwash groups. The mean tongue pH difference was found significant only between baseline and immediately after rinsing and between baseline and half an hour after rinsing with the curry leaf mouthwash (p<0.05) and non-significant within cinnamon and chlorhexidine mouthwash groups. Conclusion: Curry leaf and cinnamon mouthwashes can be considered as safe, effective, and economical agent and as an alternative to the commercially available mouthwash.
Vascular lesions always remain a challenge as far as its diagnosis and treatment are concerned because of its close proximity tovital structures and risk of severe hemorrhage. Different types of vascular lesions like hemangiomas, vascular malformationsare often encountered in day-to-day dental practice, but presence of multiple vascular lesions in the orofacial region is quiterare. Here, a rare and interesting case of multiple vascular malformations in the head-neck region of a 39-year-old femalepatient involving the tongue, cheeks, lips, palate and eyes has been reported. After getting prior informed consent and routinepreoperative haematological investigations, an incisional biopsy was done from the buccal mucosal lesion and tongue lesion.Histopathological examination of the biopsied samples revealed the presence of non-dysplastic, parakeratinized stratifiedsquamous epithelium backed by connective tissue stroma. The stroma contains numerous vascular channels containing redblood corpuscles within. No active endothelial proliferation was noted. Sprinkling of chronic inflammatory cells was alsonoted. Based on the said histopathological features, a diagnosis of vascular malformation was confirmed. Proper diagnosis andmaking differentiation between haemangiomas and vascular malformations is utmost important because of their differenttreatment plan.
Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (CMC) is a rare lesion seen in the maxillofacial region. It is frequently seen in the mandible,especially the posterior than in the anterior region. Since the pathogenesis is not well explored in the past and the variations inthe clinical presentation, the diagnosis of this lesion can be challenging. We report an extremely unusual case of a CMC in thepremolar region of the mandible of a 47-year-old male patient. The clinical, radiological presentation and the surgicalmanagement of the tumor along with the reconstructive techniques utilized to restore the mandible. Although CMC is an unusualtumor of the jaws, it can be locally aggressive, but if treated with wide surgical excision it has a good prognosis. The patient wasunder follow-up and had not shown any signs of recurrence 2 years after surgery.
Herpes viruses occur ubiquitously among humans across the globe. This appraisal describes the molecular structure of Herpesviruses with the known types of Human Herpes Virus (Types 1-8), deconstructs, and describes the pathogenesis and clinicalpresentations of primary and recurrent Herpes oral infection. Illustrated here are Human Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HHSV-1) as aprimary oral herpes infection, a recurrent Herpes labialis, HHSV-1 with blood infusion, a post-op Herpes, and a radiograph ofrapidly progressive periodontitis associated with Herpes. There are no strict protocols of management, and suggested treatments of oral manifestations are discussed. Therapeutic drugs available are listed and a costing for them in North America is indicated.Therapy can treat the symptoms and manifestations, but no vaccine or reliable prophylactic inoculations exists against the HumanHerpes Viruses.
Tongue dysfunction in form of altered tongue rest posture and tongue tip protrusion during swallowing, go along with anterior open bite malocclusion in majority of cases.Once the etiology of open bite has been identified and ascribed to an abnormal posture of the tongue, orthodontists should classify tongue posture through an analysis of the morphological features of the malocclusion. Vertical orientation of tongue at any given posture deserves equal consideration to that of its forward thrusting potential. In cases with low tongue rest posture, only blocking mechanism such as cribs may not solely be effective as upward elevation of tongue is also needed to achieve normal rest posture. Contrarily, tongue stimulator appliances namely blue grass appliances and tongue practice beads as well as myo-functional therapy require a great deal of patient engagements to become clinically effective in modifying tongue behaviour. We endeavour to find therapeutic potential of hybrid approach; that combines forward tongue restriction and vertical elevation via a composite habit breaking appliance (CHBA), in patients having low forward resting posture of tongue. A case report has been presented to exemplify the idea.
