F. cymosum, which is the most widely distributed buckwheat wild resource, represents high genetic diversity in wild population. Due to the environmental changes and human actions that result in the loss of F. cymosum wild resources, it is urgent to protect F. cymosum wild resources. In this study, based on the collected F. cymosum wild resources, we compared the differences between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction on the off-site reproduction of F. cymosum and discussed the effects of tuber propagation on the offsite propagation of wild buckwheat in different geographical environments. These results showed that the tuber reproduction of F. cymosum was relatively better, and it was conducive to its outcrossing and fruiting after a large population was formed by off-site reproduction. The differences on the altitude of habitat, climate condition and breeding site might cause influence on the germination, growth and reproduction of wild F. cymosum. The geographical conditions and local climate at Zhaojue County of Yunnan province were suitable for the off-site reproduction of F. cymosum. Collectively, these results might provide certain reference for ex situ propagation and conservation of F. cymosum.
Based on the red-flesh color peaches showing different intensities, this study attempted to decipher their formation mechanism in order to provide theoretical basis for efficient breeding of red peach varieties. The promoter activity of PpMYB10.1 was detected via GUS staining, and the candidate transcription repressors binding on its promoter were captured through DNA-pull down assay. The function of these candidate genes were determined by double luciferase and yeast two-hybrid assay. The results showed that:（1） The expression of PpMYB10.1 and anthocyanin content in flesh peaches with deep-red, red and light-red were gradually decreasing.（2） Activity of PpMYB10.1 promoter with a 483 bp deletion was weaker than that without the sequence.（3） Interestingly, we identified a candidate transcription repressor Prupe.2G302800 based on the 483bp deletion. The protein strongly interacted with PpBL, a major factor in anthocyanin synthesis and resulted in a reduction on the transcription of PpMYB10.1. Prupe.2G302800 is unlikely the direct factor modulating the red flesh of peach, whereas it might play an important role in decreasing red-flesh color by inhabiting PpBL transcription activity.
In order to identify kenaf germplasm resources resistant to root knot nematode, In this study, the root knot nematode population infected with kenaf was identified by SCAR primers, and the root knot nematode resistance of 220 kenaf wild or cultivated germplasm resource materials were identified and evaluated by using the methods of natural field disease and pot inoculation identification. The results showed that the pathogen causing disease in the field was Meloidogyne incognita. The results of field resistance identification showed that there were 133 kenaf resources showed high resistance, accounting for 60.45%, and all the roselle, false roselle and creeping saxifrage showed high resistance, and the high resistance ratio was the highest. The results of pot inoculation showed that there were 7 immune resources, accounting for 3.18% of the total resources. And 98 high resistance resources,accounting for 44.55% of the total resources. All roselle were identified as high resistance grade. There were some differences in the identification of kenaf germplasm resistance between natural field disease and pot test.There were 98 germplasm resources with the same identification results by the two methods. There were 69 high resistance resources,accounting for 70.41% of the 98 germplasm resources. Among the high-resistance resources, 49 were from cultivated kenaf, 10 were from wild relatives, the rest were from roselle, rose hemp and hibiscus, and 1 high susceptible variety was from wild relatives. These results of this study provided scientific basis for the exploitation and utilization of kenaf germplasm resources against root knot nematode disease.
The hulless barley（locally referred qingke） is the staple food crop in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, and ensuring its sustainable production is crucial to both food and national security. Since the straw of the hulless barley is of importance in yak feeding, breeding for new varieties showing dual-purpose end-use in grain consumption and forage becomes of interest. In order to establish an evaluation system suitable for hulless barley varieties, this study performed the field trials at two locations（Changdu city of Tibet; Haixi city of Qinghai） for two years（2020 and 2021） to record the performance at 15 agronomic and yield-related traits and the responses to five fungal pathogens. The plants including straw and grains at the milk maturity stage were harvested to measure the feeding quality by quantifying 15 parameters. These datasets were further evaluated by clustering analysis, multiple comparisons, principal component analysis, gray relation analysis and the analysis of productivity and stability. An evaluation method was established for selecting the hulless barley varieties for dualpurpose end-use. With the evaluation criteria, the variety Ganqing 9 was identified suitable for both grain consumption and forage. In addition, Kunlun 15 which had high grain yield production were suggested for grain consumption, and Kangqing 7 and Zangqing 22 which had high biomass and feeding quality were qualified for taking as silage.
大麦属(Hordeum)隶属于禾本科(Poaceae)小麦族(Triticeae),自然群落分布广阔、生态迥异,部分物种具有重要的经济利用价值.由于大麦属各物种之间在形态上辨识度低,同名异物、同物异名的现象时常发生,降低了野外资源考察鉴别物种的效率和准确度.构建完整且详细的分组分种检索表及各物种电子名片,将为物种分类检索及快速识别大麦属物种提供重要的参考模本以及实践数据,推动大麦属植物资源的调查、收集、评价和利用.本研究选取32个大麦属物种的38份材料,于2020和2021年度开展大麦属各物种的温室种植试验,调查统计了 45个质量性状和15个数量性状.通过对整株、穗部、三联小穗等重要表型性状拍照以及各物种细微差异比较,可以精确区分大麦属各个物种,并构建了大麦属物种分组分种检索表和各物种的电子名片.
