Hope is well known. Training and research literature on hope has primarily focused on the therapeutic process for several decades, highlighting aspects such as the therapist-client relationship, positive or goal-oriented therapy approaches, and the therapist's role in creating client agency or self-efficacy. Very little focus has been on the supervisor-supervisee training relationship, and the impact hope can have on the supervision process. Even less literature has explored how clinical supervisors can build hope with supervisees throughout the supervision training process. We explore how clinical supervisors can build hope with their supervisees by knowing systemic approaches such as solution-focused brief therapy and narrative therapy, as well as by supporting supervisees and trainees in developing their sense of agency. Clinical supervisors can build hope by amplifying strengths and possibilities, exploring aspects of the trainee's identity, and clearly defining their role as a therapist to their clients.
Black women experience disproportionately high rates of sexual assault. Their survivorship and healing are shaped by the intersecting forces of racism, sexism, classism, and historical trauma. This hermeneutic phenomenological study, guided by Black feminist theory, explores how Black women make meaning of sexual assault and pursue healing within the context of gendered racism. Fourteen cisgender Black women residing in the United States participated in semistructured interviews, and thematic analysis was used to identify patterns across their narratives. Participants’ accounts revealed the compounded effects of gendered racialized stereotypes that hinder disclosure, amplify shame, and complicate recovery. At the same time, participants identified culturally grounded sources of resilience and empowerment. Clinical implications are also discussed.
Supervision is a mentorship and teaching relationship aimed at promoting adult learning as the professional therapist learns and develops their clinical skills. The authors discuss their experience conceptualizing supervision as teaching and the importance of supervision being constructed as a pro-learning relationship. The purpose of this article is to provide discussion and examples of how supervisors can utilize teaching strategies to construct expectations for spontaneous and structured learning, solidify therapists’ prior learning, and help therapists consciously challenge and enhance their knowledge schemas. Supervision is a prime opportunity to promote the expectation of and excitement for continuous, life-long learning. To this end, the authors review four specific teaching strategies—scaffolding, agentic feedback, retrieval, and interleaving—to promote pro-learning supervision. They provide brief examples from their own work as supervisors and encourage readers to conceptualize their own supervision opportunities to use the four teaching strategies to design pro-learning supervision.
Afro-Caribbean people are a major immigrant population in the United States, yet little is known about their health outcomes and practices, especially practices that buffer the effects of risk behaviors. Given the prevalence of matrifocal family structures and the importance of mother-daughter relationships, we examined the relationship between cultural adherence and risky sexual behavior, marijuana use, religiosity, transnationalism, and living in enclaves among first- and second-generation Afro-Caribbean women in the United States. Caribbean orientation, especially among those living in enclaves, was significantly related to generational status, with first-generation women reporting greater Caribbean orientation than second-generation women. First-generation women raised in Caribbean enclaves were less likely to have ever used marijuana. Clinical implications are provided for systemic family therapists to use these findings as a foundation for culturally responsive approaches for the prevention and treatment of substance use and high-risk sexual behaviors among Afro-Caribbean girls, women, and their families.
