Objective The study is to determine university students’ health literacy and awareness of healthy living, as well as the relationship between these two concepts. Method The sample for this cross-sectional, correlational study consisted of 961 students at a university. Data were collected using the Demographic Information Form, the Health Literacy Scale-Short Form, and the Healthy Living Awareness Scale. Results The mean total score on health literacy was 34.61 ± 7.49, and the mean total score on healthy living awareness was 57.74 ± 7.98. It was determined that place of residence, grade level, living arrangements while attending university, income status, mother’s education, and body mass index significantly influenced the mean health literacy score (p<0.05). It was found that gender, the faculty and class in which the student is enrolled, and the type of housing while attending university significantly influenced the mean total score for healthy living awareness (p<0.05). There is a positive, moderate correlation between health literacy and healthy living awareness (r = 0.492, p = 0.000). Additionally, a one-unit increase in health literacy led to a 52.4% increase in healthy living awareness (R = 0,492, R² = 0,242, p = 0.000). Conclusion The study concluded that certain demographic characteristics of university students influence health literacy and awareness of healthy living, and that there is a relationship between health literacy and awareness of healthy living.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly being integrated across the landscape of graduate medical education (GME) with applications spanning the residency application and selection process, clinical training and post graduate practice. This paper reviews the history of AI in GME and its current integration across the GME continuum, highlighting its benefits, limitations and challenges. AI enhances training through improved efficiency, personalized education, reduced clerical burden, workflow optimization, and diagnostic support. However, significant concerns persist, including bias in algorithmic decision-making, threats to authenticity in application materials, erosion of clinical reasoning skills with overreliance on AI, and unclear accountability for its use in clinical care. To address these challenges, we propose the establishment of a multidisciplinary committee to standardize AI use, promote ethical implementation, improve AI literacy, reduce bias, and ensure equitable outcomes.
BACKGROUND:Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue represent a crucial yet understudied contributor to morbidity and mortality, particularly in older adults. Despite an aging population and substantial disease burden, national mortality patterns, temporal trends, and demographic disparities remain poorly described. METHODS:This study utilized CDC WONDER Underlying Cause of Death data from 1968 to 2023 to identify deaths amongst U.S adults aged ≥65 years attributed to skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000, crude mortality rates (CMRs) per 100,000, average annual percent change (AAPC), and annual percent change (APC) by period were calculated and stratified by sex, race, age, census region, and state. RESULTS:A total of 161,822 deaths from skin and subcutaneous tissue disease occurred among U.S. adults ≥65 years from 1968 to 2023. Overall AAMRs increased from 6.74 in 1968 to 9.83 in 2023 (AAPC: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.12, p < 0.001), and the greatest rate of increase in AAMRs was from 7.60 in 2017 to 9.83 in 2023 (APC: 5.65; 95% CI: 3.60 to 10.14, p < 0.001). Women had a similar mean AAMR (9.10) to men (8.75); however, men had a greater rise in AAMR, increasing from 6.41 in 1968 to 10.00 in 2023 (AAPC: 1.17; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.39, p < 0.001). White Americans had a lower mean AAMR (7.87) than Black or African Americans (23.15), but had a greater rise in AAMR, increasing from 6.37 in 1968 to 9.59 in 2023 (AAPC: 1.02; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.20, p < 0.001). Regionally, the South had the greatest mean AAMR (10.72), but had the lowest rate of increase in AAMR, increasing from 8.23 in 1968 to 9.54 in 2023 (AAPC: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.90, p < 0.001). State-wise deaths were highest in New York (n = 12,682, 7.92%) and lowest in Alaska (n = 119, 0.07%). CONCLUSION:Skin and subcutaneous tissue-related disease mortality significantly rose from 1968 to 2023, with recent mortality trends highlighting a cause for concern. The marked heterogeneity in disease burden between demographic and geographical groups highlights the urgent need for equitable and targeted public health interventions.
The study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Aksum City Massacre Survivors in Tigray, Ethiopia. Using a community-based cross-sectional design, data were collected from 439 participants with the PCL-5 scale. Statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS version 26 using descriptive and inferential methods, including means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages, independent-sample t-tests, and ANOVA. Results showed a high prevalence (58.5%) and severe levels (40.3%) of PTSD among the survivors. No significant differences were found across sex, age, or educational status. The findings highlight an urgent need for collaborative interventions and resource mobilization to address the severe mental health challenges faced by this population.
BACKGROUND:Residency programs are responsible for ensuring that trainees understand and are able to address health disparities. Despite this requirement, individual residency training programs face challenges in achieving this aim. However, graduate medical education (GME) offices have the potential to overcome these barriers. OBJECTIVE:To describe the development and implementation of a GME-wide virtual health equity orientation workshop and self-reported learner outcomes. METHODS:Incoming residents participated in a GME-wide virtual health equity orientation workshop in June 2023 and completed pre-, post-workshop, and six-month post-workshop surveys. We used chi-squared tests and Fisher exact tests as appropriate to compare pre-post workshop scores for multiple choice questions and used rank-sum tests to compare pre-post self-assessed knowledge and confidence scores. RESULTS:There were 234 residents who participated in the workshop and 80% of residents consented for their information to be included for research. There was a significant increase in self-assessed knowledge and confidence scores in the pre-post comparison, but self-assessed behavior scores fell to baseline at six months. Over 85% of incoming residents had previously received formal education on racism and discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation. However, only 62% had previously received formal education on ableism in medicine. Additionally, 94% of the participants found the workshop relevant to their needs, and 85% stated that they learned a new skill. CONCLUSIONS:A GME-wide orientation workshop designed to promote knowledge of health equity topics is feasible and well received. This workshop showed a positive impact in self-assessed knowledge and confidence but should be reinforced with longitudinal programming.
