— Considering the optimization of the material handling route between facilities, the orientation of the material loading and unloading points in the layout of the operation unit, and the representation method in the overall coordinate system of the layout, this paper proposes a method for designing the material handling route along the aisle to accurately calculate the material handling distance. In the case of predictable demand, the cost (material handling cost and facility reconstruction cost) is set as the minimum objective, comprehensively consider the process constraint, space constraint, and time constraint dynamic facility layout optimization model, and design a piecewise coding genetic algorithm for the established model. The optimal layout strategy under multi-plan product production conditions is obtained, together with the optimal reconstruction strategy, facility entrance and exit orientation strategy. Finally, an example is used to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.
It is not always easy for consumers to estimate ecological factors of products. These characteristics of products from production to disposal are trust characteristics, because they “are not written on its forehead”. In a few consumption areas eco-labels are established, e.g. food. In others, they are not, e.g. transportation. There is a need of transparent and believable information to teach consumers. Information, training and education can empower people to make well-founded decisions. In many social groups (sinus milieus) informing is not enough. The awareness of sustainability is quite low and additional measures needed. Motivation, reflexion, coinage and economic benefits are the key to get these people to act more environmental-friendly. Measures like these are soft policies in the field of transportation and mobility. There are no restrictions or changes to the infrastructure. Soft policies are implemented much faster and with lower financial investment. In 1993 Dwyer et al. investigated different types of soft policy measures to preserve the environment, so called interventions to change individual behaviour and decisions and diffusions to spread changes into community and to penetrate all social groups. More than a quarter century later digital mediums and a high level of social connection and interaction opened up new ways to intervene and diffuse. This paper presents new formats based on the development of 1993 tested formats. Formats are compared to Dwyer et al., Mosler and Schade.
The article includes an analysis involving the requirements for the adaptation of rolling stock for use by people with movement dysfunction. The requirements including construction and dimensions have been summarized and detailed conditions necessary to ensure the assumed level of travel comfort for people with reduced mobility with real examples of solutions used in currently operated railway vehicles. The focus was on the requirements set out in Regulation No 1300/2014 regarding technical design and construction solutions for adapting railways to the transport of disabled people, TSI PRM. Based on the collected material, an analysis of the compliance of the actual state with the theoretical one, included in the standard, was carried out. Elements designed and manufactured in a manner consistent with the recommendations contained in the standard, as well as those that require a re-analysis of rolling stock constructors, repair or necessary changes are indicated. The components analyzed included, among others, seating positions, movement zone - including internal and external doors, toilets or platforms enabling access to the interior of the vehicle The opinion of disabled people using rail transport was also included by conducting a survey and performing analysis and then interpretation of the data obtained. Basing on this analysis, solutions that will increase the comfort of travelling for people with disabilities have been proposed.
With the capacity limitation of the assembly line buffer area, a method for solving the mixed flow assembly line balancing problem considering material supply strategy is proposed. This paper analyzes the changes in material transportation time and assembly time due to different supply strategies, and proposes a method for jointly modeling the assembly line balancing and material supply problem. In the case of meeting the production cycle, with the buffer area capacity as the limit and the shortest production operation time as the goal, a joint optimization model including material handling time, material transportation time and assembly line working time is established, and the model is designed for the established model Genetic algorithm with piecewise coding. Finally, the proposed algorithm was evaluated using a workshop raw date， the simulation results show that although the indirect supply cost is relatively more than the direct supply, it can effectively alleviate the problem of the capacity limitation of the buffer area.
The road cargo transportation system has significant representativeness in the Brazilian economic scenario. Companies depend on transportation to receive inputs from their suppliers and take their products to consumers. This modal is also the major consumer of fuel oil products in the transportation sector. Thus, it is necessary to act with a focus on sustainability, considering the economic, social and environmental aspects. From this perspective, this study aims to present aspects of the concept of sustainability in the Brazilian road freight transportation sector, with emphasis on the environmental, social and economic dimensions. A qualitative research approach was used with the literature research technique in order to build the theoretical basis for discussion on the dimensions of sustainability in Brazilian road freight transportation. The results show that the road cargo transportation sector is relevant for the country and seeks to fulfill its social role and be economically viable; requires attention to environmental awareness and eco-efficiency; should make efforts to use alternatives to avoid damage to the environment, applying technologies to reduce noise pollution, GHG emissions; and seek to comply with environmental legislation acting in a sustainable manner.
