The military stories “Non-Memoirs” are Yu. M. Lotman’s only actual memoir text. This article studies the influence of the author’s professional consciousness on the concept of the “Non-Memoirs.” It has been established that Lotman’s primary identity as a philologist and a scholar takes precedence over the main narrative of his wartime experiences: the author views everything he describes, including war, university, school and his Jewish descent, through the lens of his profession. This is evident in the text’s essential structural elements, such as its composition, cohesion and the stylistic distribution of recurring elements. It was found that, firstly, when describing military situations, the author uses various methods of comparison and analogy, such as subordinate comparative, participial phrase, grammatical predicate with comparison and independent clause with semantics of assimilation. When describing peaceful life, i.e. study and work, however, only a few metaphors are used. Secondly, it was found that various techniques are only used to mask obscene language when describing war, as well as a natural transition to colloquial and vernacular vocabulary. Thirdly, various markers of positive focus and speech elements of emotional significance are only used in the text when describing his professional interests, namely linguistic means of describing positive emotions and evaluations and lexemes with semantics of intensity or exclusivity. The main features of Yu. M. Lotman’s linguistic identity are analyzed, including stylistic flexibility, courteous speech behavior, focus on the addressee and the educational nature of the narrative (e.g. clarity, accessibility, completeness, and logical presentation), as well as emotionality and sincerity.
The article is devoted to the study of a group of spatial modifying words (localizers) in the Ket language, formed from the stems ak- and ikd- and characterized by a wide range of meanings of localization and orientation. The oppositions top – bottom, back side – front side, periphery – center, which underlie the spatial relations expressed by these localizers, are revealed. Their morphological and semantic connections with other vertical localizers are established. Particular attention is paid to the previously localizers ikd ‘below’, akil ‘from above’. A wide sphere of use of localizers of the ak- / ikd- series is described, going beyond the traditional ideas about the specifics of their use. The work is based on field materials obtained from a native speaker of the southern dialect of the Ket language, and expands ideas about the conceptualization of space in the Ket language.
The article discusses the possibility of creating the “Dictionary of modal particles and interjections of Dostoevsky”. It is impossible not to pay attention to the frequent and peculiar use of discursive words in Dostoevsky’s texts, primarily in the works of fiction, this is, beyond any doubt, one of the features of the author’s idiostyle. The article covers the following issues: the intentions of the widespread use of discursive units in the works of the writer’s fiction; the functions of modal particles and interjections – contact-forming, regulatory, reasoning function, creation of a certain emotional background, revelation of artistic image, etc., the connection of their functioning with reflection and presupposition; the problem of forming the word list of the “Dictionary of modal particles and interjections of Dostoevsky”; the system of the lexicographic parameters underlying such a dictionary and others. As lexicographic material, examples of various sections of dictionary entries bа, -kа, hm, -с, ah, ved’ are given.
The paper discusses some concepts associated with the thematic areas “nature”, “birds”, “animals” from the point of view of the special features of their implementation in the song folklore of peoples of the Volga region (Mordvins-Erzya, MordvinsMoksha, Udmurts and Chuvash) autochthonous and Siberian existence. The work is based on a selection of song folklore samples Posted in the Atlas of Sounding Folklore Texts (URL: https://folkmap.philology.nsc.ru). The selection was made using a thematic filter on the map and a full-text search Instrument. We found of a characteristic feature of the poetic form of songs, associated with the formation of triple and double rows. This is due, among other things, to the use of a stepwise narrowing of the image. The paper describes the poetic means used to define concepts. We have established the methods of forming cultural meanings associated with the use of comparative and definitional constructions. Our results allow us to determine the perspectives for further development of a complex study of multilingual poetics of song folklore.
The paper examines the phenomenon of speech aggression in the discourse of drama. Dramatic action, as was stated already in antiquity by Aristotle, is based on the representation of human conflict. Nevertheless, verbal aggression in drama has not been explored in contemporary linguistics. Besides, the investigation of pragmatic parameters and markers is still relevant for artistic discourse, drama in particular. The study aims at identification of markers of speech aggression in the plays written by Russian playwrights: Chekhov’s “Uncle Vanya”, Arbuzov’s “Cruel Games” and Sadur’s “Ekhaj”. To achieve the aim, firstly, the author analyses the usage of pragmatic markers in the characters’ speeches irrespectively of their aggressive behavior. It makes it possible to identify the linguistic units that realize different pragmatic functions in the plays: hesitation, emphatization, metacommunication, discourse structuring, etc. Secondly, the analysis of aggressive remarks is fulfilled. The results show both qualitative differences (the markers used) and quantitative differences (the frequency of their usage) as compared with the data received at the first step of the research. The prospects of the study lie in the pragmatic analysis of plays written by contemporary Russian and foreign playwrights who work in different genres as well as in developing the analysis procedure using corpus annotation tools.
