This paper discusses three lexemes found in Western Uralic languages, for which no Samoyed cognate has previously been suggested: 1) Fi malo âending, edge; beachâ ~ MdE, MdM mala- ânearâ ~ SaaL muolÅs âthawed place near the beach of a lake in springâ (?PU *mala), 2) PSaa *loÅke-, *loÅk-o- âto remove turf or tree barkâ > Fi luÅka âeasily detachable tree barkâ (?PU *luÅka-), and 3) PU *wäri(-) âhillside; roll downâ. While the Proto-Uralic origin of *wäri(-) has been generally accepted, the first two lexemes have previously been considered borrowings from Baltic into Uralic. In this paper, I suggest possible Samoyed cognates for all of these words, arguing for their Proto-Uralic origin. If the Samoyed cognates are accepted, the previously suggested Baltic etymologies will have to be reconsidered.
This study examines the linguistic origins of the historical community of Poluverniki in northeastern Estonia. Members of this group were typically bilingual and spoke a distinctive blend of dialectal Russian and Estonian. The prevailing scholarly view â based largely on nonâlinguistic evidence â holds that the Poluverniki descended from a Voticâlike Southern Finnic population that was later linguistically assimilated by neighboring Russian dialects. Drawing mainly on phonological data, we challenge this view by demonstrating that the Finnic elements in their vernacular(s) point to Northern rather than Southern Finnic roots. Furthermore, we show that their Russian variety does not fully align with the neighboring Central Russian dialects, suggesting that the Poluvernikiâs Russian is, at least in part, of a different origin from the contemporary vernaculars spoken along the coast of Lake Peipus and in the Gdov area.
The Semantics and Etymology of Verbs with the Semantics of Speaking in the Livvi Dialect of the Karelian Language In recent years, the Karelian language has been actively studied from the point of view of various aspects: structural-syntactic, morphological-derivational, lexical-phraseological, diachronyetc. Such studies are relevant, since currently there is an active process of revitalization and popularization of Karelian language. The scientific novelty of the presented research is seen in the lack of knowledge of the semantic classes of Karelian verbs. In this regard, this article examines the semantics, etymology and functioning of verbs with the semantics of speaking in the Livvi dialect of the Karelian language. The source base for collecting linguistic material was the dialect dictionary of the Livvi dialect of the Karelian language, published in 1990. A total of 46 verbal lexemes, represented by two groups, were identified and interpreted. The collected material indicates that the range of verbs with the meaning âto speakâ is quite wide and reflects various characteristics of speaking (for example, duration, tone, tempo, clarity of speech, etc.). By origin, the majority of verbs are descriptive, which can be explained by the specifics of the Finnic languages, which contain a large amount of onoma-topoeic vocabulary.
