Background: Creative Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia are increasingly exposed to global trade policy volatility, particularly following the 2025 US reciprocal tariffs. This study examines how green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) strengthens green supply chain resilience (GSCR) through adaptation strategy and green product innovation (GPI). Methods: Data were collected through a survey of 150 creative MSMEs in West Java, Indonesia, and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The proposed Green Entrepreneurial Supply Chain Resilience (GESCR) model is grounded in Dynamic Capabilities Theory, conceptualizing GEO as a sensing capability that activates adaptive (seizing) and innovative (transforming) mechanisms. Results: The findings reveal that GEO significantly enhances GSCR both directly and indirectly through the partial mediating roles of adaptation strategy and GPI. The results suggest that resilient supply chains are shaped not merely by reactive adjustments but by proactive, sustainability-oriented entrepreneurial behavior, particularly in industries highly dependent on imported inputs. Conclusion: This study validates the GESCR framework as a mechanism linking sustainability-driven entrepreneurial orientation to supply chain resilience under trade policy shocks. The findings contribute to theory and practice, highlighting the importance of strengthening access to green financing, enhancing capability development, and promoting collaborative supply chain platforms to support resilient and sustainable MSME ecosystems. Future studies should employ longitudinal or cross-regional designs to improve the generalizability of the framework.
Background: The development of Smart Mobility 4.0 in Polish cities remains uneven and is largely shaped by institutional, organizational, and social conditions influencing urban transport systems. Materials and Methods: This study combines quantitative research conducted on a sample of 1,500 respondents (N=1,500) with in-depth interviews involving representatives of local governments. Results: The findings reveal key barriers to the implementation of advanced mobility solutions, including a misalignment between the rapid pace of technological advancement and the maturity of management structures, the level of data integration, and user readiness. Conclusions: The transition to a Smart Mobility 4.0 model requires strengthening data governance, improved coordination in mobility management, and the development of both administrative capabilities and societal readiness.
