Pentas lanceolata (Rubiaceae) is a perennial herb with ornamental and medicinal value, but lacks chloroplast (cp) genomic resources. Herein, we report its first complete cp genome: a 154,476 bp circular molecule (37.82% GC) with typical quadripartite structure, including LSC (84,407 bp, 35.79% GC), SSC (17,175 bp, 32.21% GC), and two IRs (26,447 bp each, 42.89% GC). Annotation recovered 127 genes (107 unique): 82 protein-coding (76 unique), 37 tRNA (27 unique), and eight rRNA (four unique) genes. IR boundaries show contraction and expansion. Phylogenetic analysis placed it in a clade associated with tribe Spermacoceae (bootstrap = 100%). These findings support evolutionary and genetic improvement studies of P. lanceolata.
Monarda didyma is an aromatic herb native to eastern North America with ecological, medicinal, and ornamental value, but its chloroplast genome has not been characterized. Here, we assembled its complete chloroplast genome (151,812 bp) using next-generation data. The genome exhibits a typical quadripartite structure (LSC: 83,025 bp; SSC: 17,663 bp; IRs: 25,562 bp each), contains 132 genes (87 protein-coding, 37 tRNA, 8 rRNA genes) and 37.82% GC content. Phylogenomic analysis resolved M. didyma and Pycnanthemum tenuifolium as a fully supported sister clade (BS = 100%). This genome provides a resource for species identification and phylogenetic studies of Monarda and related genera.
Astragalus floridulus Podlech is a perennial herb endemic to alpine habitats. We sequenced and characterized its complete chloroplast genome and clarified its phylogenetic placement within the genus. The complete chloroplast genome of A. floridulus is 122,371 bp long, with a GC content of 34.19%, and lacks one copy of the inverted repeat (IR) region. It contains 110 genes, comprising 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that A. floridulus is closely related to A. yunnanensis. These findings provide baseline genomic data for species identification and taxonomic research on A. floridulus.
Lepturinae is the third largest subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae), however its phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. To address this, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitogenomes of Grammoptera (Neoencyclops) paucula and Encyclops hubeiensis, which were 16,095 bp and 16,448 bp in length, respectively. Each mitogenome contained 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and a control region. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed from the 13 mitochondrial PCGs and their corresponding amino acid sequences datasets further clarified the evolutionary relationships within Lepturinae and resolved the phylogenetic relationships among its tribes.
We sequenced the chloroplast genome of Inula minipetala and analyzed its phylogenetic relationships. The total length of the chloroplast genome was 150,781 bp, including a large single-copy region of 82,448 bp, a small single-copy region of 18,435 bp, and two inverted repeat regions of 24,949 bp each. It contained 129 genes, including 84 protein-coding sequences (CDSs), 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis using 78 CDSs from 33 taxa showed that I. minipetala is sister to I. linariifolia. These results provide fundamental genomic data for evolutionary and conservation studies of endemic Inula species..
