Multifunctional nanocomposites are developing to be productive in the co-delivery of proteins, genes and drugs due to their unique structures and properties, which holds great promise for intervening in biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels. Therefore, this thesis is based sson the application issues of drug and gene co-delivery systems, and from the application requirements, multifunctional nanocomposites CPDs/AuNCs based on carbonized polymer dots and gold nanoclusters were designed and synthesized. The specific properties of the nanomaterials were also investigated through the structural characterization, optical stability, cytotoxicity, and drug loading and releasing. The formation of the CPDs after reacting with the AuNCs The vibration of CPDs/AuNCs nanocomposites disappeared at 3250 cm−1. This transformation could potentially influence how these nanocomposites interact with cell membranes and intracellular components, altering the biomechanical forces at play during cellular uptake and trafficking. The fluorescence intensity of CPDs/AuNCs varied between [81.72,87.74] when the NaCl concentration was elevated from 0 nM to 90 mM. The emission peak of DOX at 420 nm excitation wavelength was located at around 673 nM, whereas the emission peaks of CPDs/AuNCs were located at 647 nm and 693 nm, respectively. The drug release was elevated by about 1.51-fold when the pH was decreased from 7.2 to 5.4. The multifunctional nanocomposites designed by combining CPDs with AuNCs can achieve the co-delivery of drugs and genes, and their strong optical stability also provides a new reference for real-time cell tracking. This research underscores the significance of biomechanics in optimizing cellular interactions with nanomaterials, paving the way for advancements in targeted therapies. By applying biomechanical principles, these nanocomposites can enhance drug delivery efficacy, ultimately improving therapeutic outcomes and supporting innovative approaches in personalized medicine.
Cell mechanical properties refer to the behaviors and characteristics of cells in response to mechanical stimuli and regulation of physiological functions, which profoundly affect the functions of cells and subcellular structures. This paper systematically reviews the determinants of cell mechanical properties, including cell membrane viscoelasticity, cytoskeleton dynamics, nuclear-cytoskeleton coupling, and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, while also reviews the cell mechanical models. A large number of experimental works have shown that pathological conditions significantly alter these mechanical properties: in malaria, sickle cell disease, and diabetes, red blood cells (RBCs) exhibit increased rigidity; compared with normal cells, tumor cells typically show decreased rigidity. This article reviews these changes, and discusses the microscopic and biological reasons. These findings further demonstrate that the study of cell mechanical properties and their association with diseases is a complex bio-chemical-mechanical coupling problem. This work can play a positive role to understand the relations between cellular mechanics and diseases.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and treatment by overcoming the limitations of traditional approaches. This systematic review, based on studies published between 2020 and 2024, analyzes AI’s impact in various oncological areas, emphasizing its role in early detection, personalized treatments, and optimization of clinical processes. Through deep and machine learning algorithms, AI has proven effective in interpreting medical images, analyzing multi-omics data, and detecting biomarkers. For example, in breast cancer, a hybrid model achieved 98.06% accuracy in tissue classification, while in colorectal cancer, pre-surgical detection improved with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.832. Additionally, AI has reduced radiotherapy planning times, facilitating treatment access in developing countries. However, challenges remain, such as the lack of standardization, the need for extensive data, and ethical concerns related to privacy and equity. Despite these barriers, recent advances underline AI’s transformative potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic efficiency, and accessibility in cancer care. This study concludes that integrating AI could redefine cancer care but requires sustained efforts to address its limitations and ensure ethical and equitable application.
This study focuses on the extended applications of Pr3+-doped yttrium oxide single crystals. By introducing Yb2O3, Yb/Pr co-doped Y2SiO5 single crystals and dual-ion Yb3+-Li+ doped Pr3+: Y2SiO5 materials were successfully prepared. Beyond their systematically investigated optical properties, their mechanical properties relevant to biomechanics were also examined. The experiment revealed that Yb3+@Pr3+: Y2SiO5 doped with 0.1 mol% Yb₂O₃ exhibited the highest fluorescence emission (approximately 250,000 cps), with the synergistic effect of Yb3⁺-Li⁺ significantly increasing upconversion efficiency. Under 980 nm far-infrared excitation, the quantum efficiency reached 74.9%, significantly surpassing that of single-ion doping systems. Moreover, under 415 nm visible light excitation, Yb3+@Pr3+: Y2SiO5 exhibited excellent light conversion efficiency (7.52%), highlighting its potential as a light conversion material. The combination of these optical properties with favorable mechanical characteristics underscores its promise as a multifunctional material for biomechanical applications. Dual-ion Li-Yb@Pr3+: Y2SiO5 under 980 nm infrared light irradiation, showed a significantly improved antibacterial effect compared to the control group under dark conditions. The results indicate that this material can better withstand mechanical stress exerted by biological tissues, highlighting its potential for applications in both antibacterial and biomechanical fields. This study not only improves the understanding of the optical and mechanical properties of rare-earth-doped materials in the context of biomechanics but also offers a scientific basis and experimental foundation for their use in implant design. By considering both optical and mechanical properties, as well as biological tissue-material interactions from a mechanical perspective, this work paves the way for advanced materials in biomedical applications.
This paper assesses the impact of smart housekeeping equipment and biomechanical optimization on domestic labor by combining experimental measurements and data modeling methods. The study shows that digital technology significantly improves work efficiency and reduces error rates. Biomechanical optimization reduces muscle burden and spinal load, enhancing posture and comfort. When combined, these approaches further improve task accuracy and physical well-being. Additionally, the trend toward intelligent systems is reshaping the home economics industry, creating both opportunities and challenges for the job market. The findings offer strong data support for intelligent transformation in domestic labor and inform the development of vocational training and policy frameworks.
