This paper is about an arts-based research project on the theme of belonging carried out with forced migrants in Hong Kong. The project Navigating Belonging: Exploring Settlement for South Asians in Hong Kong combined the study of oral interaction with participatory photography and digital storytelling to examine how people from South Asian backgrounds narrate and construct their belonging. In the project's first phase, the research team worked with five women, all clients of a refugee support centre, to explore understandings of belonging in weekly research workshops. The paper presents perspectives on the project's contexts: the concrete and physical space; the interactional space where meaning is generated; and the meeting point for methodologies. Then we analyse talk involving one project participant. Findings shed light on how the project brought different lifeworlds into contact, and how the physical space of the project's activities became a place of interaction and meaning, and where static understandings of both "South Asian" and "Asylum seeker" could be challenged. Our conclusions concern the utility of a creative practice project for understanding dislocation and relocation in Hong Kong.
Over the past decade, the Faroe Islands have increasingly become recognised as an emerging tourist destination. This, however, does not come without challenges, and in the Faroe Islands, tourism's environmental and social consequences have been a topic of public debate for years. In this article, we explore how a stakeholder in the tourism industry - namely, a Faroese tour guide - navigates inherent tensions in tourism regarding, for example, sustainability, while she at the same time relies on tourism as a source of income. The tour guide is shown to use her agency to educate tourists through the regulation of their behaviour and way of thinking in order to resist and possibly remedy the negative effects of tourism. However, we argue that the guide's agency should not conceal the ambivalence and paradoxical nature of her position, which encompasses criticising and distancing herself from the way tourism is conducted in the Faroe Islands while simultaneously taking part in this industry. Seinastu 10 & aacute;rini eru F & oslash;royar & iacute; alsamt st & oslash;rri mun vor & eth;nar vi & eth;urkendar sum eitt framkomi & eth; fer & eth;am & aacute;l. Hetta kemur t & oacute; ikki uttan avbj & oacute;& eth;ingar, og & iacute; F & oslash;royum hava umhv & oslash;rvisligu og sosialu avlei & eth;ingarnar av fer & eth;avinnuni veri & eth; eitt evni & iacute; almennum kjaki & iacute; & aacute;rav & iacute;s. & Iacute; hesi grein kanna vit, hvussu ein & aacute;hugapartur & iacute; fer & eth;avinnuni - nevniliga ein f & oslash;royskur fer & eth;alei & eth;ari - navigerar & iacute;bornar spenningar & iacute; fer & eth;avinnuni vi & eth;v & iacute;kjandi t.d. bur & eth;ardygd, samstundis sum hon l & iacute;tur & aacute; fer & eth;avinnuna sum innt & oslash;kukeldu. Fer & eth;alei & eth;arin v & iacute;sir seg at n & yacute;ta s & iacute;n leiklut til at menna fer & eth;af & oacute;lk gj & oslash;gnum regulering av atfer & eth; og hugsanarh & aacute;tti teirra fyri at standa & iacute;m & oacute;ti og m & oslash;guliga b & oslash;ta um neiligu & aacute;virkanina hj & aacute; fer & eth;avinnuni. Men megi hennara skal ikki skal dylja, at leiklutur hennara er tv & iacute;sinna & eth;ur og paradoksalur, t & iacute; hon b ae & eth;i kritiserar og tekur fr & aacute;st & oslash;& eth;u fr & aacute; m & aacute;tanum, fer & eth;avinnan ver & eth;ur rikin & iacute; F & oslash;royum, samstundis sum hon tekur lut & iacute; hesi vinnugrein.
Using a qualitatively historicized and contextualized approach to componential elements of the semiotic landscape of urban neighborhoods, this article analyzes the changes and transformations discernible over time in the outward appearance of the Chinatown area in Antwerp and Brussels. Building on Massey's (1984) metaphor of the geological landscape and Lai's (1988) model of the historical development of Chinatowns, we specifically examine how social, historical, economic, demographic, political and migration-related circumstances throughout several decades are both reflected in and shape the linguistic and semiotic properties of signs displayed on Chinese shops. By tracing the historical trajectories of these two urban semiotic spaces related to Chineseness, we uncover evidence of not only increasing (super)diversity and complexity, but also the gradual upward socio-economic mobility of Chinese immigrants. With our analysis of the historically shaped layeredness of these two neighborhoods' outward appearance, we argue in favor of infusing insights from the field of urban geography - particularly Massey (1984) and Lai (1988) - in the production of sociolinguistic insights into the highly dynamic and gradual evolution of urban ethnic neighborhoods. (sic)(sic): (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)Massey(1984)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)Lai(1988)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic):(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)((sic))(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)Massey(1984)(sic)Lai(1988)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)Massey(1984)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)"(sic)(sic)(sic)Lai(1988)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)Massey(1984)(sic)Lai(1988)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).
Public service interpreting is an inherently social practice that enhances the accessibility of public services for migrant communities in linguistically diverse societies. Honing in on the social nature of interpreting, the present study focuses on the interpreters' affiliative behaviour in interaction. Affiliative cues are a significant interactional phenomenon because public service interpreting is often perceived as a caring profession, especially in settings such as healthcare. This trend can be observed in most feminised professions, and it is often associated with existing gender stereotypes. To qualitatively examine the relationship between gender stereotypes and affiliative behaviours in healthcare interpreting, this study contrasts the participants' perceptions of the interpreters' affiliative behaviour with observations of the interpreters' listening cues and explores the relationship between those perceptions and gender stereotypes. The study triangulates three datasets: (1) videorecorded simulated doctor-patient encounters interpreted between Finnish and Spanish, (2) the doctor's and patients' responses to a questionnaire, and (3) interpreter interviews. The questionnaire findings show that the patients perceived the female interpreter as more affiliative than the male interpreter. However, the interactional analysis reveals strong similarities in the interpreters' use of affiliative resources in their role as listeners. The data do not allow to make direct causal claims regarding these results and gender stereotypes. However, the diverging, gendered, evaluations of similar affiliative behaviour identified highlight the need for further enquiry regarding how interpreters and interpreting are perceived and the role of gender in shaping such perceptions. Este estudio examina el comportamiento afiliativo de los int & eacute;rpretes en contextos sanitarios. Este foco resulta relevante si se considera que la interpretaci & oacute;n sanitaria se percibe generalmente como una profesi & oacute;n relacionada con los cuidados. Esta tendencia puede observarse en la mayor & iacute;a de profesiones feminizadas y se asocia generalmente a estereotipos de g & eacute;nero. El presente an & aacute;lisis contrasta la percepci & oacute;n de los participantes sobre el comportamiento afiliativo de los int & eacute;rpretes con las se & ntilde;ales de escucha utilizadas por los int & eacute;rpretes y examina la influencia de los estereotipos de g & eacute;nero en esas percepciones. Los resultados muestran que los pacientes percibieron el comportamiento de la int & eacute;rprete como m & aacute;s afiliativo que el del int & eacute;rprete, aunque el an & aacute;lisis de la interacci & oacute;n revela una notable similitud entre los recursos afiliativos utilizados por ambos. Los datos no permiten trazar una relaci & oacute;n causal inequ & iacute;voca entre estos resultados y los estereotipos de g & eacute;nero, pero las conclusiones resaltan la necesidad de examinar estas cuestiones en m & aacute;s profundidad en futuras investigaciones.
When working with displaced individuals, creating a space of trust is very important at the beginning of any research endeavour. To methodologically and ethically establish this trust, symbolic violence must be addressed before and during the research process, given that it is inherent in the research encounter. In this article, we address the issue of methodological and ethical tensions in research with vulnerable populations. Specifically, we discuss our ongoing collaborative research with displaced Ukrainians living in New Zealand since Russia's mass-scale invasion of 2022 and the methodological choices we made to reduce the potential for symbolic violence in our research encounters. This article focuses on the process of conducting collaborative research with humanitarian migrants from Ukraine to New Zealand 2023-2026. For our research design, we chose to use collaborative ethnography and to practice strategies of reducing symbolic violence, such as showing total availability to the person and relating through a shared objectification in the interview. In this article, we discuss what each method entails and how weaving them together helped us to create a safe space for participants to tell their stories.
This study examines a three-generation Chinese immigrant family in Catalonia, Spain, to explore how family members reconcile the gap between heritage language (HL) expectations and everyday realities in raising a mixed-background child. Adopting a discursive perspective on dissonance, the study focuses on how this gap is articulated, interpreted, and managed in interaction and social contexts. Drawing primarily on interviews with the mother and the maternal grandparents, the analysis shows that the expectation-reality gap is not simply a pre-existing condition, but is actively constructed in caregivers' accounts as an issue requiring explanation and response. Rather than consistently attempting to bridge this gap, family members employ various discursive strategies to make it understandable and acceptable, including downgrading expectations, naturalizing difference, reassigning responsibility, and reframing the child's trajectory. The study further demonstrates that tensions surrounding HL are reflected not only in practical challenges or emotional burdens, but also in how family members discursively negotiate responsibility, relationships, and meaning. From this perspective, family language policy (FLP) should be understood not only as language planning but also as involving ongoing processes of discursive negotiation and meaning-making.
Recent research on translanguaging and family language policy has highlighted parental use of multilingual resources in family literacy activities including shared reading. This study examines the forms and functions of parental translanguaging in meaning-based and code-based book talk during family shared reading, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of audio-recorded interactions from 10 Chinese-German families in Germany. The findings show that translanguaging serves distinct functions across different types of book talk and reading conditions. In meaning-based book talk, parents use translanguaging to translate, clarify, invite children to discuss the book content, relate to children's lives, expand the stories, respond to children, and manage the reading circumstances. In contrast, in code-based book talk, translanguaging is used mainly to draw attention to sounds and letters and to encourage children to read. During shared reading of the Chinese text, parental interaction is more strongly oriented toward enriching and elaborating story content, whereas during shared reading of the German text, translanguaging is used more frequently as a key strategy for overcoming linguistic obstacles, sustaining comprehension, and maintaining interaction. The study demonstrates that parents' flexible translanguaging strategies create a dynamic translanguaging space in which an important bridge is built to support children's multilingual development.
Although transnational digital platforms are often associated with global connectivity, they also provide powerful arenas for the interactional production of nationalism. This article examines how digital nationalism is enacted through multilingual practices in transnational online conflict. It analyzes comments on two YouTube videos by Chinese influencer Li Ziqi, whose pickle-making content sparked a Sino-Korean dispute over the origin and ownership of a pickle labelled "spicy Chinese cabbage" or "kimchi". Drawing on sociolinguistic scaling as a critical metapragmatic approach, this paper shows how participants mobilize the "scope" and "value" of linguistic resources through code choice, code-switching, code emplacement, and metalinguistic commentary to negotiate stance, visibility, legitimacy, and belonging before heterogeneous audiences. The analysis demonstrates that digital nationalism is not merely the online expression of pre-existing identities, but a situated performance through which national boundaries and broader global center-periphery hierarchies are constructed, contested, and reconfigured. It further shows that polarization in transnational conflict is non-linear: rather than producing a fixed "us versus them" dichotomy, participants repeatedly rescale these categories, expanding "us" toward broader witness, arbiter, and ally publics while narrowing "them" as a more isolated out-group. Multilingualism functions as both a communicative resource and a symbolic battleground in the co-production of nationalism, belonging, and hierarchy in everyday online interaction. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) YouTube (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) "(sic)(sic)(sic) / kimchi" (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) "(sic)(sic)" (sic) "(sic)(sic)", (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic); (sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) - (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) "(sic)/(sic)" (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).
This study explores how intergenerational transmission of Circassian is discursively constructed and negotiated among urban Circassians in T & uuml;rkiye. Drawing on group-based interviews with twelve adults in & Idot;stanbul and Ankara, it shows how participants mobilize spatial imaginaries as discursive resources through which transmission is retrospectively organized and evaluated. Rather than treating transmission as a purely ecological or structural process, the analysis highlights its ideologically mediated nature. Participants move between three intersecting explanatory layers: ecological alignment, evaluative benchmarks of competence, and structural dynamics. Village life is remembered as enabling natural immersion and representing an idealized model of transmission, whereas urban settings are framed as fragmented and discontinuous. At the same time, transmission is assessed against an imagined ideal of full, fluent speakerhood, rendering partial and receptive competences insufficient. This evaluative regime narrows the boundaries of linguistic legitimacy even as cultural identification remains intact, producing an ambivalent configuration in which identity is partially decoupled from language. The findings suggest that sustaining minority languages in urban contexts depends not only on exposure or institutional provision, but also on rethinking the norms through which competence and transmission are defined and recognized.
This paper explores how Ukrainian youth challenge their given role as war refugees through arts-based collaborative research. Drawing on two projects involving Ukrainian youth in Finland - a documentary video project and dream collage creation - the paper examines how participants contest dominant refugee narratives through multimodal expressions. Using nexus analysis, the study analyses the intersection of participants' historical bodies, interaction orders, and discourses in place. Findings reveal that youth resisted portrayals as vulnerable victims or heroes, instead emphasising their identities as ambitious young people eager to live their lives and pursue dreams. They challenged researchers' assumptions by foregrounding joy, humour and normalcy rather than war experiences. The collaborative process prompted researchers to critically examine their own privileged positions and preconceptions. While arts-based methods enhanced knowledge democratisation, they did not automatically disrupt power hierarchies or dominant discourses. The study highlights the need for ongoing reflexivity and negotiation of roles in participatory research with forced migrant youth. It demonstrates how arts-based approaches can create spaces for marginalised voices to contest reductive categorizations, while also revealing the persistence of deeply rooted discourses that shape interactions between researchers and participants. T & auml;ss & auml; artikkelissa tarkastellaan, kuinka Ukrainasta paenneet nuoret haastavat heille m & auml;& auml;ritellyn sotapakolaisen roolin taideperustaisen ja osallistuvan tutkimuksen keinoin. Aineisto pohjautuu kahteen Suomessa toteutettuun hankkeeseen, joissa nuoret ilmaisivat kokemuksiaan dokumenttivideon ja unelmakollaasien avulla. Aineisto analysoitiin neksusanalyysin viitekehyksess & auml;, jossa huomioidaan osallistujien kokemushistoria, vuorovaikutuksen rakenteet ja paikalliset diskurssit. Tulokset osoittavat, ett & auml; nuoret vastustivat yksinkertaistavia kuvia haavoittuvista uhreista tai sankareista ja toivat esiin identiteettej & auml;& auml;n kunnianhimoisina, tulevaisuuteen suuntautuvina nuorina. He rikkoivat tutkijoiden ennakko-oletuksia korostamalla iloa, huumoria ja arjen jatkuvuutta sotakokemusten sijaan. Yhteisty & ouml;prosessi pakotti tutkijat pohtimaan omia valta-asetelmiaan ja taustaoletuksiaan. Vaikka taidel & auml;ht & ouml;iset menetelm & auml;t edistiv & auml;t tiedon demokratisoitumista, ne eiv & auml;t yksin riitt & auml;neet purkamaan hierarkioita tai vakiintuneita diskursseja. Tutkimus korostaa jatkuvan refleksiivisyyden ja roolineuvottelun merkityst & auml; osallistuvassa tutkimuksessa pakolaistaustaisten nuorten kanssa. Se osoittaa, ett & auml; taidel & auml;ht & ouml;iset menetelm & auml;t voivat avata tilaa marginalisoitujen & auml;& auml;nten kuulumiselle ja kategorisointien haastamiselle, mutta samalla paljastavat, kuinka sitke & auml;sti syv & auml;lle juurtuneet diskurssit muovaavat tutkijoiden ja osallistujien v & auml;list & auml; vuorovaikutusta.
This study investigates how immigrant teachers and local Taiwanese students collaboratively construct cultural categories to create learning opportunities in a Southeast Asian cooking class. The data consist of 12.5 h of video recordings from an adult learning center. Drawing on sequential categorization analysis, the study examines how participants invoke formulation-, turn-, and sequence-generated cultural categories to organize epistemic authority and establish what counts as learnable knowledge. Three interactional practices are identified through which participants mobilize cultural categories to teach and learn about Southeast Asian cuisines: (a) generalizing features of Southeast Asian culinary practices, (b) constructing analogies bridging Taiwanese and Southeast Asian cuisines, and (c) contrasting observed Southeast Asian cooking with Taiwanese practices. These practices are accomplished through multimodal coordination, particularly gaze shifts that expand or change participation frameworks to index cultural distinction or affiliation. The findings extend research on identity construction in instruction beyond language learning contexts, revealing how cultural categories function as mutually constructed epistemic frameworks that simultaneously organize epistemic authority and create learning opportunities - making visible the category-bound predicates through which participants facilitate the learning of culture-specific culinary practices in situ. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) 12.5(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic): (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) -- (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) -- (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).
We examine the emergence and viral circulation of a mock language slogan, "C sa ks & eacute; bon/ That's what's good," among young people of Portuguese origin living in France. The slogan reprises in stylized fashion the imagined, stigmatized French speech of first-generation Portuguese immigrant figures, which is heteroglossically represented in youthful French texting language. We trace the slogan's de- and recontextualizations in the early 2010s across widely disseminated videos and cinema, as well as its uptake in online comments and spontaneous Facebook comments. Participants use the slogan to signal positive and/or ironic assessments of "Portuguese" entities, and newly rebranded Franco-Portuguese identities, simultaneously nodding to previously stigmatizing images, and reincorporating them into modern youthful ones. The article contributes to research on the heteroglossia of mock language and the construction of "communities" via discourse circulation, as well as research on the images and the (in)visibility of the Portuguese in France. Nous examinons l'& eacute;mergence et la circulation virale d'un slogan en langue parodi & eacute;e, & laquo;C sa ks & eacute; bon & raquo;, parmi des jeunes d'origine portugaise vivant en France. Ce slogan reprend, de mani & egrave;re stylis & eacute;e, la mani & egrave;re de parler imagin & eacute;e et stigmatis & eacute;e des immigr & eacute;s portugais de premi & egrave;re g & eacute;n & eacute;ration, telle qu'elle est repr & eacute;sent & eacute;e de fa & ccedil;on h & eacute;t & eacute;roglossique dans le langage texto des jeunes en France. Nous retra & ccedil;ons les d & eacute;- et recontextualisations du slogan au d & eacute;but des ann & eacute;es 2010 & agrave; travers des vid & eacute;os largement diffus & eacute;es, le cin & eacute;ma, ainsi que son appropriation dans des commentaires en ligne et des commentaires spontan & eacute;s sur Facebook. Les participants utilisent le slogan pour exprimer des & eacute;valuations positives et/ou ironiques d'entit & eacute;s & laquo; portugaises & raquo; et d'identit & eacute;s franco-portugaises r & eacute;cemment revaloris & eacute;es, tout en renvoyant simultan & eacute;ment & agrave; des images auparavant stigmatisantes et en les r & eacute;incorporant dans des repr & eacute;sentations modernes et jeunes. Cet article contribue aux recherches sur l'h & eacute;t & eacute;roglossie des langues parodiques et sur la construction de & laquo; communaut & eacute;s & raquo; & agrave; travers la circulation discursive, ainsi qu'aux travaux portant sur les images et l'(in)visibilit & eacute; des Portugais en France.
This article critically examines the ideological positioning of English within discourses of language teaching diversification promoted by European institutions and circulating in Western European countries during the 1970s and 1980s. Drawing on institutional reports from three key Council of Europe conferences (1979, 1982, 1988), we adopt a historical and multi-layered approach to language educational policy to trace how multilingualism was constructed as a European ideal, while omitting the growing dominance of English as the primary foreign language. Using Gal and Irvine's semiotic model of language ideologies, we analyse processes of erasure in connection with rhematisation and fractal recursivity to trace the presence of English in marginal sites such as inaugural speeches and informal discussions at these conferences. This study highlights the value of "traces" and "marginal data" for understanding ideological tensions in international language policymaking. It demonstrates that diversification policies were not neutral but functioned as a discursive strategy to manage English-centric multilingualism, reinforcing hierarchies among languages and speakers. Cet article examine de mani & egrave;re critique le positionnement id & eacute;ologique de l'anglais dans les discours sur la diversification de l'enseignement des langues promus par les institutions europ & eacute;ennes et diffus & eacute;s dans les pays d'Europe occidentale au cours des ann & eacute;es 1970 et 1980. En nous appuyant sur les rapports institutionnels de trois conf & eacute;rences cl & eacute;s du Conseil de l'Europe (1979, 1982, 1988), nous adoptons une approche historique et multidimensionnelle de la politique & eacute;ducative linguistique afin de retracer comment le multilinguisme a & eacute;t & eacute; construit comme un id & eacute;al europ & eacute;en, tout en occultant la domination croissante de l'anglais comme principale langue & eacute;trang & egrave;re. & Agrave; l'aide du mod & egrave;le s & eacute;miotique des id & eacute;ologies linguistiques d'Irvine et Gal, nous analysons les processus d'effacement en relation avec la rhematisation et la r & eacute;cursivit & eacute; fractale. Cela nous permet de retracer la pr & eacute;sence de l'anglais dans des sites marginaux, comme les discours inauguraux et les discussions informelles lors de ces conf & eacute;rences. Cette & eacute;tude souligne la valeur des & laquo; traces & raquo; et des & laquo; donn & eacute;es marginales & raquo; pour comprendre les tensions id & eacute;ologiques dans l'& eacute;laboration des politiques linguistiques internationales. Elle d & eacute;montre que les politiques de diversification n'& eacute;taient pas neutres, mais fonctionnaient comme une strat & eacute;gie discursive visant & agrave; g & eacute;rer le multilinguisme centr & eacute; sur l'anglais, renfor & ccedil;ant ainsi les hi & eacute;rarchies entre les langues et les locuteur & centerdot;rice & centerdot;s.
The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic quickly led to the introduction of COVID-19 public health signage in many locations around the world. However, the language practices of these signs remain under-examined even years after the emergence of COVID-19. This study examines 39 unique authoritative COVID-19 public health signs collected in South Korea which contain English. We find that the use of English within signage intended for a domestic Korean audience differs radically from the use of English intended for a foreign audience within Korea. Within signage intended for a Korean audience, we find that English can convey information within the English text itself, can serve a design purpose reinforcing the meaning of a sign, and be a means of Korean-English punning. Within signage intended for a foreign audience, English was used alongside Chinese and Japanese as part of a general multilingual communication strategy, while widely differing language practices were used within certain 'foreign places' within Korea. We also identify 'pseudo-bilingual signage' that can limit the effectiveness of public health signage, and highlight the potential of multilingual public health communication for purportedly monolingual majority communities. This study should be of interest to scholars of world Englishes and public-health communication. (sic)(sic)(sic)19 (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)19 (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)19 (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic). (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) 39(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)19 (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic), (sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)-(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic) '(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)'(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic) '(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)'(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic)(sic) (sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic).
This article examines how language activists use interaction itself as a site of political action. While research on minority languages has often focused on large-scale processes or treated interviews as monologic accounts, this study approaches activism through the micro-dynamics of talk. Drawing on two interviews with Arpitan activists in Italy's Aosta Valley, I show that such encounters are not simply moments of narration but arenas in which activists perform and negotiate their legitimacy. Through strategies such as provocative openings and closings, control of topics and turn-taking, code-switching across three languages, and selective withdrawal from speech events, activists work to impose a particular vision of reality, one in which "Arpitania" exists as a socio-political entity. By linking these interactional practices to broader struggles over linguistic authority, the article argues for an interactionist approach to language activism that bridges micro-level performance and macro-political dynamics. Cet articlo analise comen les activistos linguistecos empleyont les interacions come place de l'acion politeca. Les recherches sus les lenves minoriteres se concentront habituelamente sus les processus macro-politecos ou empleyont les entrevues come se fuchant et & acirc;yes de monologuos; u contrero, cet etujo propose d'aprochier l'activismo linguisteco a la base des micro-dinameques des conversacions. En analisent doves entrevues avouec les activistos arpitanistos en Val d'Outa, demontro que cetes encontres sont pas ren que de moments de narracion, ma les arenes you les activistas performont et negociont la leur legitimit & agrave;. Les strategies per uvrir et clore la conversacion, lo controle des temateques et des tors de parola, l'alternansa codeca entre tres lenves ou la decijon de quitar l'evenement de parola servont a imposar una vijon particuliera de la realit & agrave; socio-politeca. En conjublent cetes prateques interacioneles avouec les batailles sus l'autorit & agrave; linguisteca, l'articlo propose una aproche interacionista per les etujos di militantismo linguisteco, en batissent des ponts entre la performansa u nivel micro- et les dinameques u nivel macro-politeco.
This article examines the interaction between the welfare state and the nation state in Danish parliamentary politicians’ discourse on migrants. The focus is on public healthcare. Drawing on Critical Sociolinguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis, we look at two debates in the parliamentary health committee, and we examine how the two categories of migrants patients and doctors are represented discursively. We show that migrant patients are portrayed as disloyal and societal burdens due to insufficient Danish language skills. These skills get articulated as resulting from patients’ own choices, and therefore some politicians find it reasonable and legitimate to restrict their rights to healthcare interpreting. In contrast, migrant health professionals are portrayed as valuable and as willing resources for a healthcare system in crisis. Yet this category of migrants are seen as faced with bureaucratic obstacles which the state is articulated as responsible of failing to remedy. We argue that it is difficult for the state to handle its new role as employer for international professionals as for decades the focus has been on keeping migrants out. Furthermore, we show a general lack of understanding of what language learning implies for adult learners.
Public debates on language use often take on moral overtones. Observing how moral concerns permeate these debates has led scholars to interpret them as a rhetorical strategy or as an indicator of a link between morality and language beliefs. Yet, it remains unclear whether such a link truly exists and, if so, in what ways. This study applies Moral Foundations Theory to examine associations between six moral foundations and three language ideologies in Turkey using a validated survey-based design ( N = 275). Findings show that language ideologies align consistently with how individuals prioritize certain moral values. Participants prioritizing moral foundations associated with in-group interests, social hierarchies, and purity (binding foundations) were significantly more likely to hold more restrictive language ideologies, compared to those prioritizing moral foundations concerning well-being, equality, and liberty (individualizing foundations). Contrary to the hypotheses, moral purity (which emphasizes avoiding physical and/or spiritual contamination) did not emerge as a significant predictor of linguistic purism, nor did moral deference to authority and tradition significantly predict the belief that there must be a legitimate authority in language use. The findings indicate that effectively addressing linguistic inequality must account for the role of moral reasoning. Future directions for research on morality and language as an area of inquiry are discussed.
China’s borderlands represent an ideal space for examining the ways in which multilingualism is socially experienced, enacted and exploited. This critical ethnography examines the lived experiences of five Vietnamese-Mandarin interpreters at a Chinese hospital bordering Vietnam. Drawing on the concept of alternative language regimes, we demonstrate that Vietnamese proficiency, while creating a crucial niche for employment and mobility, simultaneously functions as a mechanism for entrenching precarity. Specifically, Vietnamese proficiency provides interpreters with a competitive edge in securing a job and maximizing cross-border mobility. However, the convertibility of Vietnamese language remains largely speculative, which entails a high degree of self-investment and precarious forms of labor. We argue that Vietnamese as an alternative language regime relegates interpreters to a highly uneven distribution of symbolic and material precarity in the cross-border medical market. The study offers a nuanced understanding of how language functions as both a resource and a site of constraint within the geoeconomic dynamics of China’s evolving borderlands. It contributes to the emerging scholarship on alternative language regimes in regulating migrant labor and distributing medical resources in the China-Vietnam borderlands and beyond.
