Genetically encoded biosensors read hidden pathway bottlenecks and enable metabolic rewiring and cell-factory engineering to enhance natural-product biosynthesis.
This article reviews biotransformation results of four representative pentacyclic triterpenoids, summarizes biocatalyst–structure–activity relationships, and proposes a strategy for establishing a database on natural product biotransformation.
Natural products modulate TLR2 signalling via structurally distinct agonists and inhibitors. Pocket partitioning, chain branching and head-group interactions govern selectivity, while diverse inhibitors converge on TLR2 as a druggable target.
The YqcI/YcgG family represents an emerging class of thiolate-ligated heme enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis. This review highlights their structural features, catalytic mechanisms, and roles in guanidine N -oxygenation.
Human microbiota-derived metabolites connect microbial chemistry to host receptors, pathways, and context-dependent disease outcomes.
