Porous PLA-based bone scaffolds with tailored lattice architectures are increasingly investigated for biomedical applications due to their potential to mimic the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone. The novelty of this study lies in systematically comparing FCC, RF, and OT lattice geometries using PLA, identical FDM process parameters, unit-cell dimensions and strut diameter, and compression test conditions. Scaffolds were fabricated via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and evaluated through finite element simulations and compression tests. Pore densities were 55.72% (FCC), 72.62% (RF), and 85.68% (OT), within the reported range of human trabecular bone. Experimental compressive modulus values were 192.186 MPa (FCC), 97.418 MPa (RF), and 62.162 MPa (OT), demonstrating strong topology-dependent mechanical behavior. These findings provide preliminary mechanical evidence and design insights regarding scaffold performance. However, the results should be interpreted within the scope of mechanical evaluation only and do not provide direct biological validation or evidence of clinical applicability.
Abstract This work studies the effect of graphene oxide (GO) and monoethanolamine-functionalized graphene oxide (f-GO) on the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy resin (ER). GO was synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation and functionalized by Fischer esterification. FTIR confirmed the functionalization and the XRD analysis revealed changes in the interlayer spacing of GO. Epoxy resin containing 0.10 to 0.50 wt% of GO and f-GO was prepared and characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, and compression testing. DSC studied the activation energy (Ea) of the curing reaction of ER-GO. Ea increased from 56.3 kJ·mol−1 (resin) to 89.1 kJ·mol−1 at 0.13 wt% GO. However, the glass transition temperature did not show significant variation. TGA of ER-GO and ER/f-GO showed thermal stability compared with ER. The ER-GO and ER/f-GO 0.20 wt% formulations exhibited an increase in compressive modulus compared to neat epoxy. The improved mechanical properties of ER/f-GO are attributed to higher interfacial interaction.
Abstract Microfiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion technique from polyamide 66 (PA66) synthetic fiber waste, with addition of mass titanium dioxide (TiO2) and ammonium chloride as pore-forming agent. The hybrid solutions showed higher viscosity due to the formation of stable suspensions. Morphological analyses showed an increase in porous and density of the membranes due high specific surface area of TiO2. The hybrid membranes exhibited greater water absorption, porosity, pore radius compared to pure PA66, due to the increased hydrophilicity, size and number of pores promoted by TiO2. Membranes presented more than 99% of dye removal efficiency for turbidity and selectivity and removal above 91% for color, met water quality standards. The 3% TiO2 membrane exhibited the highest water flux (269.82 L.m-2.h-1), maintaining high dye rejection efficiency (99.64%), demonstrating a balance between permeability and selectivity. Therefore, it was found that hybrid membranes have potential for the treatment of textile industry effluents.
Abstract In this research, biodegradable sodium alginate films were synthesized by using stem extract of Acridocarpus orientalis to enhance antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, water vapor transmittance properties, release kinetics and physicochemical functionality. The films were produced by adding 0.2% and 0.4% (w/v) methanolic extract into a 2% (w/v) sodium alginate solution. The fabricated films were comprehensively analyzed for their mechanical, functional, release and physical properties. The films showed increase in tensile strength and elongation at break with the increased concentration of methanolic extract. Antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and water vapor transmittance rate was also improved with increased concentration of extract. This improvement was due to the presence of phytochemicals like phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extract. Altogether, these observations demonstrate the promise of A. orientalis extract as a natural functional additive to produce sodium alginate-based biopolymer films with enhanced functionality in active packaging.
Driven by carbon emission reduction targets, the oil and gas industry is increasingly adopting advanced materials for deepwater exploration, where thermoplastic composites stand out as recyclable and high-performance alternatives to traditional solutions. Despite rising interest, a comprehensive bibliometric review in this field remains lacking. This research addresses this gap through a systematic analysis of scientific publications indexed in major databases over the past decade, using the keywords "Oil and Gas" and "Thermoplastic Composite". VOSviewer was used to assess countries, citations, keywords and authors, complemented by a SWOT analysis. Results indicate a five-fold surge in publications since 2022, driven by advancements in pipelines and deepwater riser applications. By identifying influential studies and emerging trends, this work provides a strategic roadmap for researchers and industry professionals, underscoring the role of these materials in sustainable operations and their alignment with global energy transition goals.
