This study reports the synthesis and characterization of Poly(N-methyl pyrrole) (PNMPy) and its nanocomposite with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) prepared via a chemical oxidative in situ polymerization method. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the synthesized materials were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and dielectric measurements. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed strong interfacial interactions and homogeneous dispersion of MoO3 within the PNMPy matrix, forming an ordered hybrid structure. The UV–Vis spectra revealed absorption bands at 380 and 500 nm, corresponding to π–π* and n–π* transitions, with a redshift indicating charge transfer between the polymer and oxide phases. The optical band gap of the PNMPy/MoO3 nanocomposite (2.05 eV) was significantly lower than that of pure PNMPy (3.28 eV) and MoO3 (≈3.0 eV), demonstrating enhanced electronic coupling. Dielectric studies showed that the PNMPy/MoO3 nanocomposite exhibited semiconductor behavior with an electrical conductivity of 1 × 10‒5 S/m and an activation energy of 9.94 × 10–2 eV. These findings indicate that the incorporation of MoO3 nanoparticles effectively enhances the optical and electrical performance of PNMPy, making the composite a promising candidate for use in optoelectronic, sensing, and energy storage applications.
The development of communication systems requires the development of innovative materials capable of limiting the laser radiation power in optical components. One promising approach involves composites based on polyacrylates and astralenes. In our previous study, we demonstrated the successful modification of astralenes for incorporation into acrylates. In this work, we investigate the effect of astralenes on photopolymerization. Photostimulation of these nanoparticles causes the conversion of molecular oxygen to its singlet state, which does not inhibit radical polymerization. Experimental results showed that the introduction of astralenes slows photopolymerization, reducing the reaction rate by approximately half. Furthermore, in situ generation of singlet oxygen by irradiating astralenes with red light makes the polymerization rate comparable to that observed for undoped monomers. Neither the addition of astralenes at concentrations from 0.01 to 0.5
Conducting polymers (CPs) have attracted considerable interest in the field of supercapacitors due to their excellent electrical conductivity, stability, high pseudocapacitance, environmental compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. Traditional electrode materials include metal oxides, inorganic compounds, carbon-based substances, and conducting polymers. Recent studies indicate that hybridizing CPs with metal oxides can significantly improve electrochemical performance. In this study, polyaniline (PANI) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) were combined with metal oxides (TiO2 and ZnO) via a one-step polymerization process. The resulting composite was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical evaluations were carried out via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The incorporation of metal oxides into the polymer matrix enhanced electrical conductivity and electrochemical behavior, yielding a specific capacitance of 431.51 F/g and a reduced equivalent series resistance of 3.29 Ω. These improvements are likely due to the porous architecture that promotes efficient charge transport and ion diffusion. Theoretical assessment using Dunn’s model indicated a diffusion-controlled charge storage mechanism. The results demonstrate notable enhancements in the structural, optical, morphological, and electrochemical characteristics of the electrode, positioning it as a highly promising material for supercapacitor applications.
For the first time, it has been proposed to use sterically hindered phenoxazinyl radicals and their sources for the reversible deactivation radical polymerization of styrene. Using the example of 2,4,6,8-tetra(tert-butyl)phenoxazin-10-yl, 2,4,6,8-tetra(tert-butyl)phenoxazin-1-one, and a number of paramagnetic tin(IV) complexes, it has been shown that polystyrene with a narrow molecular weight distribution (Đ 1.2) can be synthesized in the reversible inhibition mode in the mild temperature range of 70–90°C.
This study presents a co-assembled gel system based on L-histidine methyl ester-functionalized diacetylene (L-HisDA) and pyrene-1-carboxylic acid (1-Py), designed to achieve ultraviolet-induced enhancement of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). By incorporating the achiral fluorescent molecule 1-Py into the L-HisDA supramolecular gel, the chiral information from the host matrix was successfully transferred to the guest. Systematic characterization revealed that the co-assembled system undergoes a UV‑induced polymerization transition from the blue to the red phase while retaining its original nanoribbon morphology. A distinct CPL signal emerged at 400 nm during photopolymerization, whose intensity increased progressively throughout the phase transition, reaching a maximum in the red phase with dissymmetry factor glum of 0.85 × 10–2. This enhancement effect can be attributed to the amplification and transfer of chirality within the co-assembled gel during UV irradiation. This work provides a novel co-assembly strategy for developing photo-responsive CPL-active materials.
