El análisis vibracional en ingeniería civil es fundamental para comprender el comportamiento de las estructuras. Las vibraciones pueden ser producidas por múltiples agentes externos y pueden ser estudiadas en diferentes contextos como: vibraciones inducidas por carga viva (personas en puentes peatonales, pisos con tráfico de personas caminando, suelos donde se desarrollan actividades deportivas, etc.), vibraciones inducidas por maquinaria (en edificios, torres, puentes colgantes y atirantados, etc.) y vibraciones inducidas por el tráfico y actividad de construcción (en carreteras, ferrocarriles, trabajos de construcción, etc.) [1]. Se pretende estudiar la dinámica vibracional de un sistema estructural de dos grados de libertad, bajo la acción de fuerzas externas variables en el tiempo, escalonada y de pulso, determinando la respuesta de la estructura (desplazamiento, velocidad y aceleración) debido a una acción externa. El sistema dinámico de ecuaciones diferenciales acopladas se resolverá numéricamente mediante el Software Mathematica para su posterior análisis de respuesta dinámica de la estructura y se contrastarán con la simulación realizada en el software de elementos finitos ETABS para el análisis complementario y correcto dimensionamiento de la estructura. Con todo lo anterior, el análisis dinámico de estructuras civiles se convierte en una pieza importante en el diseño y construcción, ya que puede brindar una orientación sobre la validación de un modelo matemático y adicionalmente plantea los tipos de pruebas repetitivas que a lo largo del tiempo pueden indicar la aparición de posibles daños durante la vida útil de las estructuras.
El diseño de arquitecturas empresariales (AE) es un ejercicio continuo y no de una única vez para el negocio, si bien parecería que es una necesidad propia de las grandes empresas, las PYMES han de adoptar ejercicios de arquitectura empresarial a medida que quieren expandir y transformar sus negocios para ofrecer productos y servicios con condiciones de mercado competitivas y también ante demandas como la ciberseguridad, un tema relevante que requiere el rediseño y enfoque de las capacidades, en el caso SIGED (Sistema de gestión Documental) dicha motivación plantea una interesante ruta de transformación con este ejercicio. El proyecto aborda el diseño de un modelo de arquitectura empresarial bajo la metodología TOGAF, desde la fase A hasta la E, del Software SIGED, para lograrlo se crean los diagramas, matrices y otros documentos que apoyen la gestión de la arquitectura objetivo y el plan de arquitectura resultado para cumplir con el objetivo de dar capacidades para la ciberseguridad en el software de SIGED, la investigación permitió entender procesos de la empresa, prioridades estratégicas planteadas y oportunidades de mejora para construir una visión de arquitectura acorde con las capacidades actuales tanto del recurso humano, tecnológico y procesos, así como la proyección de estos mismos.
The design of enterprise architectures (EA) is a continuous exercise and not a one-time exercise for the business, although it might seem that it is a need of large companies, SMEs have to adopt enterprise architecture exercises as they want to expand and transform their businesses to offer products and services with competitive market conditions and also in the face of demands such as cybersecurity, a relevant issue that requires the redesign and focus of capabilities, in the SIGED case this motivation poses an interesting route transformation with this exercise. The project addresses the design of an enterprise architecture model under the TOGAF methodology, from phase A to E, of the SIGED Software, o achieve it, diagrams, matrices and other documents are created that support the management of the target architecture and the architecture plan result to meet the objective of providing capabilities for cybersecurity in the SIGED software, the research allowed to understand processes of the company, strategic priorities and opportunities for improvement to build a vision of architecture in line with the current capabilities of the human, technological and process resources, as well as the projection of these same ones.
Since the last few years, the practices of reuse and repair products to extend their useful life and reduce waste generation gained interaction. As well as strongly promoting recycling, maximizing the materials industrialization to convert waste into new resources. Therefore, two controversial materials are currently discussed (Glass and Plastic). In 2020, 385 million tons of Plastic were produced globally, compared to 143 million tons of Glass. In 2020, the per capita consumption of Glass was 32 kg yearly, compared to Plastic at 105 kg yearly. However, the manuscript aims to discuss the use of Plastic versus Glass to learn about each material, its benefits, and disadvantages to make a perspective criticism. The methodology is investigative collecting from investigation articles statistics from 2017 to 2022. The results show that the choice between Glass or Plastic depends on very particular factors, such as the specific application in which it is required and the manufacturer's or end user's preferences. Moreover, it is important to highlight that, compared to Plastics, Glass has fewer negative impacts on climate change since it has a lower carbon footprint. However, a comprehensive approach is required to minimize the Glass effects on climate change due to its high energy consumption, including efficient production practices. It is recommended that each country define market statistics for the recovery, recycling, and industrialization of Glass, Plastic, and other items such as cardboard, paper, and aluminum cans to promote waste recovery and prevent surrounding pollution globally.
Vibrational analysis in civil engineering is essential for understanding the behavior of structures. Vibrations can be caused by multiple external agents and can be studied in different contexts such as vibrations induced by live loads (people on pedestrian bridges, floors with pedestrian traffic, areas where sports activities take place, etc.), vibrations induced by machinery (in buildings, towers, suspension and cable-stayed bridges, etc.), and vibrations induced by traffic and construction activity (on roads, railways, construction sites, etc.) [1]. The aim is to study the vibrational dynamics of a two-degree-of-freedom structural system under the action of external forces varying in time, step, and pulse, determining the structure's response (displacement, velocity, and acceleration) due to an external action. The dynamic system of coupled differential equations will be numerically solved using Mathematica software for subsequent analysis of the structure's dynamic response, contrasting it with simulations conducted in the finite element software ETABS for complementary analysis and proper structural sizing. Consequently, dynamic analysis of civil structures becomes a crucial element in design and construction, providing guidance on validating a mathematical model and additionally suggesting the types of repetitive tests over time that may indicate potential damage during the structures' service life.
