ABSTRACT Monochromatic resins stand out due to their chameleon effect, which allows the material to blend with the surrounding tooth structure, providing an aesthetic restoration with a simplified restorative technique. This type of resin eliminates the need for shade selection and the use of multiple materials, thereby reducing chair time during dental appointments. Thus, this study aims to present a simplified strategy for restoring Non-Carious Cervical Lesions greater than 1 mm in depth using monochromatic resins. For this purpose, the use of gingival retraction cord for isolation and proper moisture control is recommended to ensure success in the adhesive procedure. Selective enamel etching, combined with self-etch adhesive systems, is considered a successful option for the restoration of Non-Carious Cervical Lesions. The restoration should be performed using the oblique incremental technique, followed by light curing for the time recommended by the manufacturer. Finishing and polishing should be carried out using flexible discs to achieve optimal results. The use of monochromatic resins may be indicated for the restoration of Non-Carious Cervical Lesions, since their chameleon-like properties provide effective mimicry of the natural tooth color. The final outcome depends on the cavity size and the favorable color of the substrate. Therefore, the indication for monochromatic resins must take into account the specific details and etiological factors of each individual case.
ABSTRACT Mandibular fractures represent a significant clinical challenge in dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery, particularly in elderly patients, in whom reduced bone density and tooth loss may contribute to the severity of trauma. These injuries are often associated with accidental falls and impact trauma, leading to pain and functional impairments. Delayed diagnosis of mandibular fractures can result in complications such as infections, inadequate bone healing, and facial asymmetry. Early imaging and thorough clinical examination are therefore crucial to achieving satisfactory treatment decisions, as they enable a detailed assessment of the fracture and the establishment of an effective therapeutic strategy. In addition to imaging evaluation, the categorization of mandibular fractures based on fracture pattern, anatomical location, and trauma mechanism is fundamental for defining the appropriate treatment. In this context, this study aimed to analyze a clinical case of mandibular fracture in an elderly patient, in which the diagnosis was made late.
ABSTRACT Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the internal adaptation and the influence of different internal cement space parameters on dimensional accuracy and tensile retention strength of 3D-printed provisional crowns. Methods: Three internal cement spaces (40 μm, 80 μm, and 120 μm) were digitally designed using MeshMixer software for a cylindrical abutment compatible with an implant-supported cementation post. Twenty specimens were printed per group. After standardized post-processing, specimens were internally scanned and STL files were analyzed using CloudCompare software to assess internal accuracy. Specimens were cemented onto abutment analogs and divided into two subgroups (n=10): storage in saline solution for seven days or thermocycling for 3,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C. Tensile bond strength testing was performed to evaluate cementation stability. Results: The 120 μm group showed significantly greater internal distortion in total surface area and cervical third compared with the 40 μm and 80 μm groups (p<0.001). All crowns demonstrated clinically acceptable accuracy. Increased cement space significantly reduced tensile retention, with the 80 μm group exhibiting the highest bond strength. Thermocycling significantly reduced tensile strength in all groups. Conclusion: The 80 μm internal spacing showed superior accuracy, while thermocycling negatively affected the tensile strength of all 3D-printed provisional crowns, with the 120 μm group exhibiting the lowest tensile resistance.
ABSTRACT This study systematically reviews surface treatment techniques for titanium alloys and their advantages in resistance to bacteria associated with peri-implantitis, in addition to investigating how these techniques influence the adaptation of titanium alloys in the oral environment. The research included articles published between 1996 and 2023 in databases such as Pubmed, SciELO, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The methodology focused on the effects of photodynamic therapy and electrochemical anodization on titanium alloys, excluding studies of other interventions or materials. The results showed that the oxidation process is crucial in both treatment methods, forming an oxygen layer that prevents biofilm formation. Photodynamic therapy was effective in bacterial decontamination when used with a photosensitizer, while electrolytic plasma anodization showed promise in forming an oxide layer, essential for biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. The Ti6Al4V alloy is the most used in dentistry due to its mechanical properties, despite its high modulus of elasticity compared to human bone. Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition that compromises osseointegration, with photodynamic therapy and electrochemical anodization being effective methods of surface treatment to prevent this pathology. Studies have shown that photodynamic therapy is more efficient when combined with a photosensitizer, while electrochemical anodization, by forming an oxide layer, facilitates cell adhesion and prevents bacterial proliferation. It is concluded that both techniques are effective in the surface treatment of titanium alloys, with photodynamic therapy being more effective when combined with a photosensitizer and electrochemical anodization being beneficial due to the formation of the oxide layer. The choice of method depends on the type of bacteria and the specific treatment conditions.
ABSTRACT The search for conservative aesthetic procedures with predictable results has driven the development of direct and indirect restorative techniques in dentistry. Among them, composite resin veneers represent a viable alternative to ceramic rehabilitations, especially due to their versatility, affordability, and repairability. Furthermore, the direct-indirect technique exhibits excellent performance in cases of darkened substrates, allowing for better masking and aesthetic control of the final outcome. This study aims to report a clinical case of anterior aesthetic rehabilitation performed using the direct-indirect composite resin technique. The patient sought dental care with complaints related to the shape and color of the maxillary right central incisor. Following aesthetic planning and diagnosis, the fabrication of a composite resin veneer using the direct-indirect technique was chosen, as it enables superior morphological control and extraoral polishing. The clinical result demonstrated excellent aesthetic integration, smile harmony, and patient satisfaction, highlighting the efficiency of the adopted protocol. It is concluded that the direct-indirect composite resin technique is a safe, conservative, and aesthetically satisfying option for anterior rehabilitation, particularly in cases of darkened substrates, provided it is applied with proper planning and attention to clinical and laboratory details.
ABSTRACT The nasopalatine cyst is the most common epithelial and nonodontogenic cyst of the maxilla. There is no sovereign etiopathology, the associated cells may be activated spontaneously or stimulated by infection and trauma. It is different from a radicular cyst. In this case a rare large nasopalatine cyst superimposing noble anatomic structures in a 59-year-old partial edentulous patient male presented with an anterior maxillary lesion that prevented him from wearing his upper denture. Radiological examination revealed a large unilocular oval shaped well delimited lesion, erosion of the vestibular cortical bone and extension to the nasal floor. The differential diagnosis included odontogenic calcified cyst and residual cyst by the localization and the medical history of edentulous for many years. The absolute diagnosis was possible thanks to Cone beam computed tomography, granting accuracy of diagnosis and avoiding misdiagnosis, this case shows how challenging nasopalatine duct cyst diagnosis can be to a novice surgeon dentist. The diagnosis was confirmed with the histopathological examination that showed the low incidence ciliated pseudostratified epithelium. The treatment adopted was enucleation, using a modified surgical procedure compared with the conventional literature approach: a vestibular mucoperiosteal flap was raised, instead of the conventional palatal approach. Bringing in this case the 6-month follow-up. Large nasopalatine duct cysts involving the nasal floor are rare. Can be misdiagnosed with other anatomic conditions or lesions. Even though the recurrence of nasopalatine duct cyst is low, it’s essential to follow-up the case because of rare malignant transformation.
ABSTRACT Objective: This study evaluated the prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and parafunctional habits in health science students at a higher education institution. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative, and census-based field study. The population (N=1687) consisted of students from health science courses at the Patos University Center, and the sample size (n=385) was determined through sample size calculation. Data were collected using a virtual questionnaire on the Google Forms platform. The questions regarding temporomandibular dysfunction considered the simplified anamnesis index, developed from the work of Fonseca et al. To determine the presence of parafunctional habits, the questionnaire was adapted. Results: The sample was predominantly female, aged between 18 and 30 years. The most prevalent degree of temporomandibular disorders was mild temporomandibular disorders. The most prevalent habit among students was resting their chin on their hands. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders was higher in females. The course of study did not influence the presence or degree of temporomandibular disorders. Conclusion: Women present more temporomandibular disorders than men, regardless of the degree of severity and the undergraduate course in the health field.
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal morphology of permanent mandibular incisors in a South Brazilian population using cone beam computed tomography. Methods: A total of 520 cone beam computed tomography images of mandibular incisors from patients in Joinville, Brazil, were analyzed. The following parameters were assessed: tooth type, number of roots, gender, root canal configuration, and bilateral occurrence of a second canal. Root canal configurations were categorized according to Vertucci’s and Ahmed’s classification systems. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the frequency of different root canal morphologies, while Fisher’s exact test was applied to evaluate gender-related differences in morphology (p<0.05). Results: All permanent mandibular incisors (n=520) had a single root, with a second canal present in 35.2% of cases. The most prevalent canal configurations were Vertucci Type I and Ahmed 1II1 (64.5%), while Vertucci Type III and Ahmed 1II1-2-1 (29.05%) were the most common in incisors with two canals. No significant gender-based differences were found regarding the presence of a second canal or symmetry. Conclusion: In the South Brazilian population evaluated, permanent mandibular incisors typically have a single root, with variations in canal number. No gender-related differences or symmetry patterns were observed. Mandibular incisors exhibit variations in their canal systems, which may affect the success of endodontic treatment. Therefore, professionals should carefully assess the internal anatomy of these teeth.
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate in vitro the bond strength of resin cements in high-translucency zirconia restorations as a function of the light-curing system and the type of resin cement. Methods: Forty-eight third molars received high-translucency zirconia (KatanaTM – Kota – Tokyo, Japan) and were randomly distributed into four groups (n=12) according to the light-curing system (indirect with commercial equipment or direct with the new optical fiber illuxminator) and resin cement type (light- or dual-cured). The optical fiber device conducts LED light to hard-to-reach areas. A micro shear bond strength test applied a 50 Kgf load at 0.5 mm/min until failure. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (5% significance) analyzed results. Results: The highest bond strength occurred in the direct optical fiber system with dual-cure cement (p<0.05), also increasing bond strength for light-cured cement. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this laboratory study, the use of the optical fiber illumination system was associated with higher bond strength values of resin cements to high-translucency zirconia compared with the conventional system, depending on the type of cement used. These findings indicate that the device may favor adhesion in situations with limited light access; however, further studies are required to establish its clinical relevance.
ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and self-confidence of Dentistry students from the Federal University of Pará in the fields of Oral Medicine and Dental Radiology. Methods: Questionnaires were administered to 210 students from the 4th to the 10th semester, addressing frequent clinical situations. The study evaluated participants’ ability to recognize pathologies through clinical and radiographic examinations, identified knowledge gaps, and assessed diagnostic confidence. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation. Results: A significant association was observed between the semester attended and the level of self-confidence, as well as a positive correlation between the number of correct answers and self-confidence. The topics with the highest accuracy rates were recurrent caries and mucocele, while the lowest performances occurred in the identification of inflammatory cysts and the recommended imaging exam for torus palatinus. Conclusion: The results reveal specific gaps in student training and highlight the need for curricular adjustments and the use of active methodologies to strengthen diagnostic competence.
ABSTRACT Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease that affects the tooth-supporting tissues and is associated with systemic conditions. Regular physical activity is recognized for its role in preventing and managing chronic diseases, with potential benefits for periodontal health. This review aimed to examine the influence of varying exercise intensities on the inflammatory response in periodontitis. A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database, employing the descriptors “periodontitis” and “physical activity”. Original articles published between 2019 and 2025, in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, open access, were included; reviews and duplicates were excluded. The analysis comprised clinical and experimental studies, without a specific geographic focus, involving adults, athletes, and animal models, with varying sample sizes. Evidence suggests that regular exercise, particularly moderate aerobic activity, reduces inflammatory markers and tissue damage in animal models and patients with type 2 diabetes, promoting periodontal health. Conversely, elite athletes under intense training often exhibit compromised periodontal conditions, indicating that excessive exertion may negatively impact oral health. Outcomes are influenced by exercise intensity, type, and factors such as oral hygiene, with leisure-time physical activity showing superior outcomes compared to occupational physical activity. The review concludes that moderate-to-vigorous exercise intensities may mitigate periodontitis signs, while excessive intensities may increase risk. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and contextual factors, to develop tailored preventive strategies.
ABSTRACT Considering the significant increase in athletes, as well as their desire for facial aesthetic treatment, this article aimed to describe the management of facial aging in athlete patients through a combined approach as a key to facial rejuvenation. A 48-year-old patient presented with cutaneous ptosis and loss of facial contours. After a detailed clinical evaluation to determine her specific needs, it was decided to use 6 syringes of hyaluronic acid to restore volume at support points. Additionally, HarmonyCa® was applied subcutaneously with a 22G cannula, using the retroinjection technique, in the areas of the temples, zygomatic arch, angle and mandibular ramus, bilaterally, totaling 4 syringes of the product. After application, a massage was performed to better accommodate the products. The results showed the combination of products resulted in a significant improvement in facial contours, stimulating collagen and providing a gradual lifting. The treatment rejuvenated the facial appearance, improving skin texture for a more youthful and harmonious appearance. Thus was possible conclude the therapeutic approach with combination of hyaluronic acid filler and collagen biostimulator rejuvenates the facial appearance, because it restores natural contours and improves skin texture, as well as effectively preserving facial health and harmony.
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate two in vitro methods (microabrasion and resin infiltration) for the aesthetic treatment of white spot lesions in enamel after orthodontic treatment. Methods The sample consisted of 40 human teeth, divided into two groups: Microabrasion and Resin Infiltration. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to the teeth, which were subjected to a dynamic DEM-REM cycle to induce lesions. After debonding, microabrasion (Whitness RM − FGM) and resin infiltration (ICON - DMG) were performed. The variables evaluated were: color (spectrophotometer), surface roughness (contact profiler − Ra), mineral content (micro-Raman spectroscopy and EDS), and surface micromorphology (scanning electron microscope − SEM). All tests were conducted at baseline, after the DEM-REM cycle, and after treatments. Color and roughness were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (= 5%); Micro-Raman data, SEM images, and EDS were described qualitatively. Results Color (ΔE) and roughness were altered after white spot induction but returned to baseline values after treatments regardless of the group (p>0.05). Enamel surface mineral content (EDS) returned to baseline levels after microabrasion, which was corroborated by PO43- peaks (micro-Raman). In surface micromorphology, microabrasion exhibited a smooth and polished surface, and infiltration a dense surface with small irregularities. Conclusion Both techniques were successful in masking white spot lesions, with final color and roughness similar to that of sound enamel. The mineral content of microabrasion-treated enamel resembled that of sound enamel, while infiltration showed a slight reduction. After both treatments, the enamel surface appeared smooth and mineralized; in the resin infiltration group, discreet protrusions were observed.
ABSTRACT Objective: Photostimulable phosphor plate is a digital image receptor used in intraoral dental radiographic techniques. Because it is photosensitive, it is affected by ambient light on image quality. The aim of this study is to quantify the interference of ambient lighting on the radiographic image. Methods: A total of 140 radiographs were obtained with a Photostimulable phosphor plate and divided into seven groups according to the use of opaque and transparent protective covers, ambient light intensity, and a light protection box over the scanner. In a software, the optical densities of the radiographs obtained under different conditions were measured by means of measures of central tendency and dispersion. In comparisons between groups, the Kruskal Wallis test was used. Results: The highest mean optical density was 154.2 (100%) with the ambient light on and PSP with the active side on the transparent face of the protective cover. There was a significant reduction in light interference when the Photostimulable phosphor plate was used in a fully opaque protective cover, with reduced ambient light and a box over the scanner (mean optical density of 15.1). Conclusion: The instruction that the processing of the radiographic image in environments with reduced light should be respected. The use of fully opaque protective covers and light protectors over the scanner and reduction of the time between image acquisition and processing are measures that help maintain radiographic quality.
ABSTRACT This report aims to present a new technical approach for correcting excessive gingival exposure (gummy smile) associated with upper lip hypermobility and vertical maxillary excess, through the combination of digital planning, clinical crown lengthening surgery, and the application of the Biovolume technique. Patient DD, 40 years old, presented for evaluation and treatment, reporting dissatisfaction with her smile due to excessive gingival exposure when smiling. Based on a detailed clinical evaluation, combined with tomographic analysis, standardized intraoral and extraoral photographs, and dynamic smile recordings, it was found that the gingival smile had a multifactorial etiology, related to three main factors: involving upper lip hypermobility, altered passive eruption, and excessive vertical growth of the lower third of the face. Digital planning of the ideal dental morphology was performed using the Digital Smile Design protocol (.PSD®️), guided the performance of the clinical crown augmentation surgical procedure. Cone-beam computed tomography identified a concavity in the premaxilla region, which was corrected through the installation of a CAD/CAM-designed Biovolume prosthesis in synthetic resin, limiting the apical migration of the upper lip during smiling. Subsequently, minimally invasive ceramic veneers were installed to finalize the esthetic rehabilitation. Two months after the operation and with the installation of minimally invasive ceramic veneers, a satisfactory aesthetic result was achieved, with tooth shapes and gum exposure levels harmonized with facial aesthetics. Based on the treatment plan and proposed approaches, it was found that the Biovolume technique, made possible by digital dentistry, is not only predictable and safe, but also allows for quick and efficient correction of gummy smiles, with minimal risk of recurrence.
ABSTRACT The increasing need for precise and efficient rehabilitation of reduced edentulous spaces, such as narrow alveolar ridges, limited inter-root or mesiodistal dimensions, and decreased alveolar height, has driven the evolution of surgical techniques and implant systems. Narrow-diameter implants (≤3.5 mm) were developed to address these sites with limited mesiodistal space. Advancements in computed tomography and digital scanning have enabled enhanced visualization of anatomical structures, leading to improved precision and accuracy in implant placement. By integrating Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data from computed tomography scans and Standard Tessellation Language files from digital impressions, implant placement can be meticulously planned in relation to the final prosthesis using 3D software. A surgical guide is then prototyped based on this virtual plan. Virtual planning and Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing fabricated surgical guides offer several advantages, including reduced chair time, increased predictability and reduced surgical trauma, optimal implant positioning for prosthetic restorations, and early identification of potential challenges. This study presents a clinical case where the rehabilitation of a reduced edentulous space was performed using minimally invasive techniques, employing a 2.9 mm narrow diameter implant (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) through flapless guided surgery, utilizing Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing technology.
ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding radiological protection among dentists and oral health technicians, identifying factors associated with adherence to safety regulations. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with professionals from the 15th Regional Health Division of Paraná, who answered a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed via descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results indicated that professionals demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge and adherence to radioprotection practices. Specialists in radiology obtained significantly higher scores, highlighting the impact of specific training. Although work experience was associated with greater theoretical knowledge, this relationship did not directly translate into better practices. The lack of continuous training and proper supervision were identified as barriers to adherence. Conclusion: Greater investment in continuing education and institutional policies is necessary to ensure compliance with radiological safety guidelines. Measures such as regular audits and periodic certifications may contribute to improving.
ABSTRACT The term oral lichenoid lesion is used to characterize a group of lesions which present clinical and histological characteristics similar to oral lichen planus, but that have a recognizable causal factor, the removal of which can lead to regression of the lesions. Histologically, both lesions reveal a band-shaped lymphohistiocytic infiltrate arranged subepithelially. By comparison to oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesion may be associated with exogenous agents, such as restorative dental materials and medications, and presents a greater risk of malignant transformation. Although similar, the lesions require different approaches. A correct distinction between them is necessary to determine the appropriate treatment and long-term monitoring. This case report presents the case of a 64-year-old male patient with a history of smoking, who presented a unilateral leukoplakic lesion in the buccal mucosa region, and discusses difficulties typically encountered in correct diagnosis of oral lichenoid lesion. The lesion was diagnosed as oral lichenoid lesion. The patient was treated, with follow-up for 15 months, and with no signs of recurrence.
RESUMO As superfícies oclusais dada as suas características morfológicas, permanecem como as áreas mais susceptíveis ao início e à progressão da cárie dentária. Não obstante observamos por vezes situações clínicas de grande comprometimento do tecido dentinário e pequena ou nenhuma perda clinicamente visível da estrutura superficial do esmalte. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma técnica restauradora reprodutora da anatomia oclusal em dente com extensa lesão cariosa em dentina e com integridade da superfície em esmalte. Paciente do sexo feminino, 29 anos de idade procurou atendimento apresentando queixa de dor no segundo molar inferior esquerdo (37). Ao exame clínico constatou-se, além da presença de intensa pigmentação acastanhada no sulco central do segundo molar inferior esquerdo (37), uma estrutura de esmalte superficial aparentemente intacta e comprovada pelos exames radiográficos periapical e interproximal, compatível com lesão cariosa a nível de tecido dentinário. Estabelecido o diagnóstico de lesão de cárie oculta procedeu-se ao protocolo restaurador complementado pelo uso de um dispositivo de transferência oclusal pré-fabricado, constituído de policarbonato transparente. Após plastificação do dispositivo e cópia da superfície oclusal, durante a inserção do último incremento de resina composta foi posicionado o dispositivo e polimerizado o último incremento de resina composta. A funcionalidade da restauração foi avaliada e finalizou-se com acabamento das margens da restauração e polimento final. A técnica da matriz oclusal para restauração direta apresenta uma excelente precisão na reconstituição da morfologia oclusal em dentes com lesões ocultadas, aliadas a uma diminuição do tempo final de ajuste clínico.
ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to Escitalopram Oxalate on morphometric parameters of salivary glands of pregnant mice. Methods: Twenty pregnant Swiss mice (Mus musculus) were equally divided into treated and control groups, which received 20 mg/kg of Escitalopram and sterile saline, respectively, via gavage, daily, from the 5th to the 17th day of pregnancy. On the 18th day, after euthanasia, salivary glands were collected and passed through histological procedures. Under optical microscopy, acinar diameter (in µm) and area (in µm2), ductal thickness (in µm), and quantity of type I collagen (area, in µm2) from parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands were measured. Statistical analysis was carried out with the Student’s t test for parametric data and the Mann-Whitney test for non parametric data, with 5% significance (GraphPad Prism 5). Results: Acinar areas (C: 1207.0 ± 315.2; T: 1662.0 ± 508.0; p=0.002) and diameters (C: 34.3 [33.3-37.8]; T: 41.0 [34.9-47.4]; p=0.008) from sublingual glands and acinar areas (C: 1009.0 ± 406.3; T: 1378.0 ± 464.2; p=0.005) and diameters (C: 37.9 ± 10.1; T: 45.3 ±6.8; p=0.05) from submandibular glands were statistically bigger in the treated group than the control group. The quantity of type I collagen was statistically lower in the treated group compared to the control group (C: 4399[3346.0-7092.0]; T: 3695.0 [2948.0-4792.0]; p=0.0003). Conclusion: Escitalopram promotes an adverse effect, causing morphological and structural alterations in the salivary glands of pregnant mice.
